Red Line Agreement
E884251
The Red Line Agreement was a 1928 pact among major Western oil companies that divided up oil exploration and production rights within the former Ottoman Empire, shaping Middle Eastern petroleum politics for decades.
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cartel agreement
ⓘ
international economic agreement ⓘ oil agreement ⓘ |
| affectedCountry |
Iraq
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Jordan NERFINISHED ⓘ Lebanon NERFINISHED ⓘ Saudi Arabia NERFINISHED ⓘ Syria NERFINISHED ⓘ Turkey NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| aimedTo |
coordinate oil exploration among Western companies
ⓘ
maintain control over Middle Eastern oil ⓘ prevent competitive bidding for oil concessions ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Red Line Pact NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| appliesToRegion |
Middle East
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
former Ottoman Empire NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| basedOnCompany | Turkish Petroleum Company NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| characterizedAs | oil cartel arrangement ⓘ |
| concernsActivity |
oil exploration
ⓘ
oil production ⓘ |
| concernsIndustry | petroleum industry ⓘ |
| createdFrom | breakup of Turkish Petroleum Company ⓘ |
| dateSigned | 1928-07-31 ⓘ |
| declineReason |
changing political conditions in Middle East
ⓘ
emergence of independent oil companies in Middle East ⓘ |
| definesBoundaryAs | red line on map of former Ottoman Empire ⓘ |
| establishedPrinciple | no independent operations within red line without consent of all partners ⓘ |
| excludesRegion |
Arabian Peninsula outside former Ottoman Empire
ⓘ
Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ Iran NERFINISHED ⓘ Kuwait NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| historicalImpact |
contributed to dominance of Western oil majors in region
ⓘ
shaped Middle Eastern petroleum politics for decades ⓘ |
| inForceUntil | 1948 ⓘ |
| involvedCountry |
France
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Netherlands NERFINISHED ⓘ Ottoman Empire (successor states) NERFINISHED ⓘ United Kingdom NERFINISHED ⓘ United States NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| involvedPerson | Calouste Gulbenkian NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| legalStatus | private commercial agreement ⓘ |
| regulates | concessions of Turkish Petroleum Company ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Achnacarry Agreement
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Iraq Petroleum Company NERFINISHED ⓘ San Remo Oil Agreement NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signatoryCompany |
Anglo-Persian Oil Company
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Calouste Gulbenkian NERFINISHED ⓘ Compagnie Française des Pétroles NERFINISHED ⓘ Near East Development Corporation NERFINISHED ⓘ Royal Dutch Shell NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signedIn | Ostend NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signedInCountry | Belgium NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| yearSigned | 1928 ⓘ |
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.