Open Skies Treaty

E855159
arms control treaty confidence-building measure multilateral treaty

The Open Skies Treaty is a multinational arms control agreement that allows unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants to promote military transparency and confidence-building.

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Observed surface forms (2)

Surface form Occurrences
Treaty on Open Skies 1
Treaty on Open Skies missions 1

Statements (67)

Predicate Object
instanceOf arms control treaty ⓘ
confidence-building measure ⓘ
multilateral treaty ⓘ
administeredBy Open Skies Consultative Commission NERFINISHED ⓘ
allows unarmed aerial surveillance flights ⓘ
appliesTo entire territory of each state party ⓘ
category arms control ⓘ
international security ⓘ
enteredIntoForceOn 2002-01-01 ⓘ
establishes active quotas for flights a state may conduct ⓘ
annual quotas for observation flights ⓘ
passive quotas for flights a state must accept ⓘ
fullName Treaty on Open Skies NERFINISHED ⓘ
headquartersOfImplementation Vienna NERFINISHED ⓘ
initialSignatoriesInclude Belarus NERFINISHED ⓘ
Belgium NERFINISHED ⓘ
Bulgaria NERFINISHED ⓘ
Canada NERFINISHED ⓘ
Czech Republic NERFINISHED ⓘ
Denmark NERFINISHED ⓘ
Finland NERFINISHED ⓘ
France NERFINISHED ⓘ
Germany NERFINISHED ⓘ
Greece NERFINISHED ⓘ
Hungary NERFINISHED ⓘ
Iceland NERFINISHED ⓘ
Italy NERFINISHED ⓘ
Luxembourg NERFINISHED ⓘ
Netherlands NERFINISHED ⓘ
Norway NERFINISHED ⓘ
Poland NERFINISHED ⓘ
Portugal NERFINISHED ⓘ
Romania NERFINISHED ⓘ
Russia-led CIS states ⓘ
Russian Federation NERFINISHED ⓘ
Slovakia NERFINISHED ⓘ
Spain NERFINISHED ⓘ
Sweden NERFINISHED ⓘ
Turkey NERFINISHED ⓘ
Ukraine NERFINISHED ⓘ
United Kingdom NERFINISHED ⓘ
United States NERFINISHED ⓘ
language English ⓘ
French ⓘ
Russian ⓘ
limits maximum ground resolution for sensors ⓘ
negotiatedIn Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe framework ⓘ
openForSignatureTo OSCE participating states NERFINISHED ⓘ
purpose to allow unarmed aerial observation flights over the territories of states parties ⓘ
to build confidence among states parties ⓘ
to promote military transparency ⓘ
region OSCE area ⓘ
relatedTo Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty NERFINISHED ⓘ
Vienna Document on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures NERFINISHED ⓘ
RussianWithdrawalEffectiveOn 2021-12-18 ⓘ
sensorTypesPermitted infrared line-scanning devices ⓘ
optical panoramic and framing cameras ⓘ
sideways-looking synthetic aperture radar ⓘ
video cameras with real-time display ⓘ
signedAt Helsinki NERFINISHED ⓘ
signedOn 1992-03-24 ⓘ
statusOfRussia withdrew from treaty ⓘ
statusOfUnitedStates withdrew from treaty ⓘ
USWithdrawalAnnouncedOn 2020-05-21 ⓘ
USWithdrawalEffectiveOn 2020-11-22 ⓘ
verificationMechanism mutual aerial observation flights ⓘ
sensor-equipped observation aircraft ⓘ

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

European security architecture → includesAgreement → Open Skies Treaty ⓘ
Treaties of the Federal Republic of Germany → includes → Open Skies Treaty ⓘ
this entity surface form: Treaty on Open Skies
Tupolev Tu-214ON → designedFor → Open Skies Treaty ⓘ
this entity surface form: Treaty on Open Skies missions
On-Site Inspection Agency → follows → Open Skies Treaty ⓘ