phenytoin
E822404
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication commonly used to prevent and control seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity in the brain.
Statements (53)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
anticonvulsant drug
ⓘ
antiepileptic drug ⓘ hydantoin derivative ⓘ |
| actsOn | voltage-gated sodium channels ⓘ |
| hasAdverseEffect |
Stevens–Johnson syndrome
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
ataxia ⓘ diplopia ⓘ gingival hyperplasia ⓘ hirsutism ⓘ megaloblastic anemia ⓘ nystagmus ⓘ osteopenia ⓘ rash ⓘ teratogenicity ⓘ toxic epidermal necrolysis ⓘ |
| hasATCCode | N03AB02 ⓘ |
| hasBioavailability | variable ⓘ |
| hasBlackBoxWarning | cardiovascular risk with rapid intravenous infusion ⓘ |
| hasBrandName |
Dilantin
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Epanutin NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasCASNumber | 57-41-0 ⓘ |
| hasChemicalFormula | C15H12N2O2 ⓘ |
| hasEliminationHalfLife | about 22 hours ⓘ |
| hasExcretion | renal ⓘ |
| hasIUPACName | 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione ⓘ |
| hasMechanismOfAction | stabilizes neuronal membranes by prolonging inactivated state of sodium channels ⓘ |
| hasMetabolism | hepatic ⓘ |
| hasMolarMass | 252.27 g/mol ⓘ |
| hasNarrowTherapeuticIndex | yes ⓘ |
| haspKa | about 8.3 ⓘ |
| hasPregnancyRisk | fetal hydantoin syndrome NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasProteinBinding | >90% ⓘ |
| hasRouteOfAdministration |
intramuscular
ⓘ
intravenous ⓘ oral ⓘ |
| hasSaltForm | phenytoin sodium ⓘ |
| hasTherapeuticDrugMonitoring | yes ⓘ |
| hasTherapeuticUse |
prevention of seizures during neurosurgery
ⓘ
status epilepticus (second-line) ⓘ treatment of focal seizures ⓘ treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizures ⓘ |
| hasUNIID | 6158TKW0C5 ⓘ |
| isEnzymeInducer |
CYP2C19
ⓘ
CYP2C9 NERFINISHED ⓘ CYP3A4 ⓘ UGT enzymes ⓘ |
| isListedOn | WHO Model List of Essential Medicines NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isMetabolizedBy |
CYP2C19
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
CYP2C9 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isPoorlyWaterSoluble | yes ⓘ |
| isTeratogenic | yes ⓘ |
| wasFirstSynthesizedIn | 1908 ⓘ |
| wasIntroducedAsAnticonvulsantIn | 1938 ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.