California Column
E822077
The California Column was a Union volunteer military force from California that marched across the Southwest during the American Civil War, securing key territories and engaging Confederate and Apache forces.
Statements (43)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Union military unit
ⓘ
volunteer military force ⓘ |
| activeIn | Southwest United States NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| allegiance | Union NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| branch |
artillery
ⓘ
cavalry ⓘ infantry ⓘ |
| campaign | New Mexico Campaign NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| commandStructure | Department of New Mexico NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| composedOf | California volunteer regiments NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conflict | American Civil War ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| endDate | 1866 ⓘ |
| engagedWith | Apache forces NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| engagement |
Battle of Picacho Pass
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Skirmish at Apache Pass NERFINISHED ⓘ operations along the Rio Grande ⓘ |
| faced |
harsh desert conditions
ⓘ
logistical challenges of supply and water ⓘ |
| formedAs | overland expedition from California to the Rio Grande ⓘ |
| garrisoned |
Fort Craig
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Fort Yuma NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
helped prevent Confederate expansion to the Pacific Coast
ⓘ
secured Union control of the Southwest during the Civil War ⓘ |
| laterRole |
garrison duty in New Mexico and Arizona
ⓘ
operations against Native American groups in the region ⓘ |
| marchedThrough |
Arizona Territory
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
New Mexico Territory NERFINISHED ⓘ West Texas NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| mission |
drive Confederate forces from New Mexico Territory
ⓘ
protect overland mail routes ⓘ secure communication and supply lines ⓘ |
| notableCommander | James Henry Carleton NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableFor |
Union control of Arizona and New Mexico Territories
ⓘ
long overland march across desert regions ⓘ |
| opposedTo | Confederate States Army NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| partOf | United States Army ⓘ |
| raisedIn | California NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| role | securing key territories in the Southwest ⓘ |
| startDate | 1862 ⓘ |
| strengthEstimate | about 2,000 soldiers ⓘ |
| supportedBy | California Volunteers NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| theater | Trans-Mississippi Theater NERFINISHED ⓘ |
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.