Coulomb potential
E814348
The Coulomb potential is the inverse-distance electrostatic potential describing the interaction between electrically charged particles, such as the attraction between an electron and an atomic nucleus.
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
central potential
ⓘ
electrostatic potential ⓘ inverse‑power‑law potential ⓘ radial potential ⓘ |
| appearsIn | Schrödinger equation for hydrogen atom ⓘ |
| approximationOf | full quantum electrodynamics interaction at low energies ⓘ |
| dependsOn |
inverse of separation distance
ⓘ
product of interacting charges ⓘ |
| describes | electrostatic interaction between point charges ⓘ |
| domain | nonrelativistic regime for low velocities ⓘ |
| fallsOffAs | 1/r at large distances ⓘ |
| generatesForce | Coulomb force NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| gradientGives | electric field of a point charge ⓘ |
| hasEnergyDimension | joules ⓘ |
| hasMathematicalForm |
V(r) = (1 / (4π ε_0)) (q_1 q_2 / r)
ⓘ
V(r) = k q_1 q_2 / r ⓘ |
| hasParameter |
k (Coulomb constant)
ⓘ
q_1 (electric charge) ⓘ q_2 (electric charge) ⓘ ε_0 (vacuum permittivity) ⓘ |
| hasSign |
negative for opposite charges
ⓘ
positive for like charges ⓘ |
| hasSingularityAt | r = 0 ⓘ |
| hasSymmetry | SO(4) dynamical symmetry in hydrogen problem ⓘ |
| hasVariable | r (distance between charges) ⓘ |
| isConservative | true ⓘ |
| isProportionalTo | 1/r ⓘ |
| isReferenceFor |
Coulomb plus linear (Cornell) potential
ⓘ
screened Coulomb (Yukawa) potential ⓘ |
| isSolutionOf | Maxwell equations in electrostatic limit ⓘ |
| isSphericallySymmetric | true ⓘ |
| isTimeIndependent | for static charges ⓘ |
| leadsTo | discrete bound states in hydrogen atom ⓘ |
| longRange | true ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Charles-Augustin de Coulomb NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
electric potential energy
ⓘ
electrostatic potential ⓘ |
| relatedTo | Coulomb's law NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| satisfies |
Laplace equation away from charges
ⓘ
Poisson equation for a point charge ⓘ |
| usedIn |
atomic physics
ⓘ
classical electrodynamics ⓘ hydrogen atom model ⓘ plasma physics ⓘ quantum mechanics ⓘ scattering theory ⓘ |
| usedToModel |
electron–nucleus interaction in hydrogen-like atoms
ⓘ
ion–ion interactions in plasmas ⓘ scattering of charged particles ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.