Level III (Assyrian destruction level)
E813908
Level III (Assyrian destruction level) is the archaeological layer at Lachish that preserves the remains of the city destroyed by the Neo-Assyrian king Sennacherib during his late 8th-century BCE campaign against Judah.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Level III (Assyrian destruction level) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9662654 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Level III (Assyrian destruction level) Context triple: [Lachish, hasArchaeologicalStratum, Level III (Assyrian destruction level)]
-
A.
Assyrian period
The Assyrian period refers to the era dominated by the ancient Assyrian Empire in Mesopotamia, marked by its powerful military, extensive conquests, and influential administrative and cultural achievements.
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B.
Fall of the Assyrian Empire
The Fall of the Assyrian Empire was the late 7th-century BCE collapse of Assyria’s powerful Near Eastern empire, marked by the destruction of its major cities and the rise of Babylonian and Median dominance.
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C.
Neo-Assyrian
Neo-Assyrian is a later dialect of the Akkadian language used in the Neo-Assyrian Empire for administration, literature, and inscriptions.
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D.
Assyrian conquest of the Kingdom of Israel
The Assyrian conquest of the Kingdom of Israel was an 8th-century BCE military campaign in which the Neo-Assyrian Empire destroyed the northern Israelite kingdom, deported much of its population, and set in motion one of the earliest major dispersions of the Jewish people.
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E.
destruction of Babylon
The destruction of Babylon was the brutal 689 BCE sack and razing of the ancient Mesopotamian city by the Assyrian king Sennacherib, marking a notorious episode of imperial violence in Near Eastern history.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Level III (Assyrian destruction level) Target entity description: Level III (Assyrian destruction level) is the archaeological layer at Lachish that preserves the remains of the city destroyed by the Neo-Assyrian king Sennacherib during his late 8th-century BCE campaign against Judah.
-
A.
Assyrian period
The Assyrian period refers to the era dominated by the ancient Assyrian Empire in Mesopotamia, marked by its powerful military, extensive conquests, and influential administrative and cultural achievements.
-
B.
Fall of the Assyrian Empire
The Fall of the Assyrian Empire was the late 7th-century BCE collapse of Assyria’s powerful Near Eastern empire, marked by the destruction of its major cities and the rise of Babylonian and Median dominance.
-
C.
Neo-Assyrian
Neo-Assyrian is a later dialect of the Akkadian language used in the Neo-Assyrian Empire for administration, literature, and inscriptions.
-
D.
Assyrian conquest of the Kingdom of Israel
The Assyrian conquest of the Kingdom of Israel was an 8th-century BCE military campaign in which the Neo-Assyrian Empire destroyed the northern Israelite kingdom, deported much of its population, and set in motion one of the earliest major dispersions of the Jewish people.
-
E.
destruction of Babylon
The destruction of Babylon was the brutal 689 BCE sack and razing of the ancient Mesopotamian city by the Assyrian king Sennacherib, marking a notorious episode of imperial violence in Near Eastern history.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
archaeological layer
ⓘ
destruction layer ⓘ |
| associatedWith | Assyrian siege ramp at Lachish NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWithCulture | Judahite NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWithEmpire | Neo-Assyrian Empire NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWithEvent | Assyrian siege of Lachish NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWithPolity | Kingdom of Judah NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWithRuler | Hezekiah of Judah NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWithStructure |
Lachish city gate complex
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
fortifications of Lachish NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| chronologicalPeriod | Iron Age II NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| chronologicalSubperiod | Iron IIB ⓘ |
| destroyedBy |
Neo-Assyrian Empire
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Sennacherib NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| destroyedByMilitaryCampaign | Sennacherib's campaign against Judah NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| destructionApproximateYear | 701 BCE ⓘ |
| destructionDate | late 8th century BCE ⓘ |
| documentedInSource | excavation reports from Tel Lachish ⓘ |
| excavatedBy |
David Ussishkin
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
James Leslie Starkey NERFINISHED ⓘ Yigael Yadin NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasArchaeologicalEvidence |
arrowheads
ⓘ
burn layer ⓘ charred remains ⓘ collapsed structures ⓘ destruction debris ⓘ sling stones ⓘ |
| hasSignificance |
evidence for Assyrian military tactics and destruction
ⓘ
key stratigraphic marker for late 8th century BCE in Judah ⓘ |
| interpretedAs | archaeological evidence of Sennacherib's conquest of Lachish ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Lachish
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Tel Lachish NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| locatedInCountry | Kingdom of Judah NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| locatedInPresentDay | Israel NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| materialRemainsInclude |
ceramic assemblages of late 8th century BCE Judah
ⓘ
inscribed objects from Judahite administration ⓘ |
| overlies | Level IV at Lachish ⓘ |
| partOf | stratigraphy of Lachish ⓘ |
| preserves | remains of the city of Lachish destroyed by Assyrians ⓘ |
| relatedToIconography | Lachish reliefs from Sennacherib's palace at Nineveh GENERATED ⓘ |
| relatedToTextualSource |
Hebrew Bible account of Sennacherib's campaign
GENERATED
ⓘ
Sennacherib's royal inscriptions GENERATED ⓘ |
| researchTopicIn |
Neo-Assyrian military history
ⓘ
Syro-Palestinian archaeology NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| stratigraphicLevelNumber | III ⓘ |
| underlies | Level II at Lachish ⓘ |
| usedFor | correlating archaeological and historical chronologies of Judah ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Level III (Assyrian destruction level) Description of subject: Level III (Assyrian destruction level) is the archaeological layer at Lachish that preserves the remains of the city destroyed by the Neo-Assyrian king Sennacherib during his late 8th-century BCE campaign against Judah.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.