Harlem Renaissance

E8070

African American history event artistic movement cultural movement intellectual movement literary movement

The Harlem Renaissance was a flourishing African American cultural, artistic, and intellectual movement centered in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s and early 1930s.

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All labels observed (16)

Label	Occurrences
Harlem Renaissance canonical	170
New Negro movement	8
Harlem Renaissance era	6
Harlem Renaissance culture	4
Harlem Renaissance literature	3
Harlem Renaissance writers	3
New Negro Movement	3
the Harlem Renaissance	2
African American literary renaissance	1
Harlem Renaissance (late influence)	1
Harlem Renaissance (through Zora Neale Hurston)	1
Harlem Renaissance (via Claude McKay)	1
Harlem Renaissance music scene	1
Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s	1
Harlem Renaissance within broader Black cultural history	1
Negro Renaissance	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T86270 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Harlem Renaissance
Context triple: [Roaring Twenties, hasCharacteristic, Harlem Renaissance]

A. Roaring Twenties
The Roaring Twenties was a decade of economic prosperity, cultural dynamism, and social change in the 1920s, marked by jazz music, flapper culture, and rapid industrial growth, particularly in the United States and Western Europe.
B. Reconstruction era
The Reconstruction era was the period following the American Civil War when the United States attempted to reintegrate the seceded Southern states and redefine the legal and social status of formerly enslaved people.
C. Federal Theatre Project
The Federal Theatre Project was a New Deal initiative that funded and organized live theatrical productions across the United States during the Great Depression, providing employment for artists while expanding public access to the arts.
D. American South (mid-20th century civil rights era)
The American South (mid-20th century civil rights era) was a region marked by intense struggle against racial segregation and discrimination, where landmark civil rights movements, protests, and legal battles transformed U.S. social and political life.
E. Gilded Age
The Gilded Age was a late 19th-century period in the United States marked by rapid industrialization, vast wealth accumulation, stark social inequality, and influential business magnates like Andrew Carnegie.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Harlem Renaissance
Target entity description: The Harlem Renaissance was a flourishing African American cultural, artistic, and intellectual movement centered in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s and early 1930s.

A. Roaring Twenties
The Roaring Twenties was a decade of economic prosperity, cultural dynamism, and social change in the 1920s, marked by jazz music, flapper culture, and rapid industrial growth, particularly in the United States and Western Europe.
B. Reconstruction era
The Reconstruction era was the period following the American Civil War when the United States attempted to reintegrate the seceded Southern states and redefine the legal and social status of formerly enslaved people.
C. Federal Theatre Project
The Federal Theatre Project was a New Deal initiative that funded and organized live theatrical productions across the United States during the Great Depression, providing employment for artists while expanding public access to the arts.
D. American South (mid-20th century civil rights era)
The American South (mid-20th century civil rights era) was a region marked by intense struggle against racial segregation and discrimination, where landmark civil rights movements, protests, and legal battles transformed U.S. social and political life.
E. Gilded Age
The Gilded Age was a late 19th-century period in the United States marked by rapid industrialization, vast wealth accumulation, stark social inequality, and influential business magnates like Andrew Carnegie.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (75)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	African American history event ⓘ artistic movement ⓘ cultural movement ⓘ intellectual movement ⓘ literary movement ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Harlem Renaissance ⓘ surface form: New Negro Movement
causeOf	increased recognition of African American culture in mainstream American society ⓘ
country	United States of America ⓘ surface form: United States
endedBy	economic impact of the Great Depression ⓘ
endTime	Great Depression ⓘ surface form: Great Depression era mid-1930s ⓘ
ethnicFocus	Black Americans ⓘ surface form: African Americans
field	dance ⓘ intellectual history ⓘ literature ⓘ music ⓘ political thought ⓘ theater ⓘ visual arts ⓘ
hasCentralTheme	Black pride ⓘ challenge to racism ⓘ exploration of African heritage ⓘ modern Black identity ⓘ racial uplift ⓘ
hasCharacteristic	concentration of Black artists and intellectuals in Harlem ⓘ debates over art versus propaganda ⓘ experimentation with modernist forms ⓘ patronage from white and Black benefactors ⓘ use of jazz and blues aesthetics in literature ⓘ
hasCulturalOrigin	African American urban communities ⓘ
hasPart	Harlem Renaissance jazz culture ⓘ Harlem Renaissance literature ⓘ Harlem Renaissance music ⓘ Harlem Renaissance poetry ⓘ Harlem Renaissance theater ⓘ Harlem Renaissance visual arts ⓘ
influenced	African American literature ⓘ African American visual arts ⓘ Black feminist movement ⓘ surface form: Black feminist thought Black theater in the United States ⓘ American civil rights movement ⓘ surface form: Civil Rights Movement jazz ⓘ
influencedBy	Great Migration of African Americans out of the region ⓘ surface form: Great Migration The New Negro (anthology) ⓘ surface form: New Negro movement ideology World War I ⓘ
location	Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan ⓘ surface form: Harlem, New York City New York ⓘ New York City ⓘ
mainPeriod	1920s ⓘ
notablePerson	Horace Pippin ⓘ surface form: Aaron Douglas Alain Locke ⓘ Archibald Motley ⓘ Bessie Smith ⓘ Billie Holiday ⓘ Claude McKay ⓘ Countee Cullen ⓘ Duke Ellington ⓘ James Weldon Johnson ⓘ Jean Toomer ⓘ Josephine Baker ⓘ Langston Hughes ⓘ Louis Armstrong ⓘ Nella Larsen ⓘ Paul Robeson ⓘ W. E. B. Du Bois ⓘ Wallace Thurman ⓘ Zora Neale Hurston ⓘ
notableWork	Cane ⓘ Color Struck ⓘ Fire!! (magazine) ⓘ The New Negro (anthology) ⓘ The Weary Blues ⓘ Their Eyes Were Watching God ⓘ
startTime	1918 ⓘ early 1920s ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (207)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Banjo → literaryMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

A Long Way from Home → mainSubject → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

A Long Way from Home → literaryMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Harmon Foundation Award for distinguished literary achievement → associatedMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Fire!! → associatedMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Countee → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Countee Cullen

Copper Sun → literaryMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

The Black Christ and Other Poems → literaryMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

On These I Stand → literaryMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Frederick Douglass Junior High School → associatedWithMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

“Yet Do I Marvel” → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Yet Do I Marvel

“Yet Do I Marvel” → literaryPeriod → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Yet Do I Marvel

“Incident” → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Incident

“Heritage” → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Heritage

“Heritage” → literaryPeriod → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Heritage

Rudolph Fisher → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Rudolph Fisher → contributedTo → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance literature

Home to Harlem → depicts → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Home to Harlem → literaryMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Paul Laurence Dunbar → hasInfluenced → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance writers

Lorraine Hansberry → inspiredBy → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Georgia Douglas Johnson → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: New Negro Movement

The Norton Anthology of African American Literature → subject → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

U Street neighborhood → timePeriodOfProminence → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance era

Arturo Alfonso Schomburg → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Modernism and the Harlem Renaissance → mainSubject → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Modernism and the Harlem Renaissance → relatedTo → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Modernism and the Harlem Renaissance → literaryPeriodDiscussed → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Blues, Ideology, and Afro-American Literature → examines → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: the Harlem Renaissance

Afro-American Poetics: Revisions of Harlem and the Black Aesthetic → mainSubject → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Afro-American Poetics: Revisions of Harlem and the Black Aesthetic → contextualizes → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance within broader Black cultural history

Vergible Woods → literaryPeriod → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Jazz Age literature → isAssociatedWith → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

The Crisis → mainSubject → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Sandy Rodgers → literaryMovementContext → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance era

William H. Johnson → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

William H. Johnson → influencedBy → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance culture

William Henry "Chick" Webb → associatedWith → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harlem Renaissance music scene

Cab Calloway → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

American poetry → hasMovement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

African-American theatre → historicalPeriod → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

City of Refuge → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Alice Dunbar-Nelson → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Georgia Blanche Douglas Camp Johnson → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Plumes → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

Blue-Eyed Black Boy → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

A Sunday Morning in the South → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

"Cane" (composite work) → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ

subject surface form: Cane

Jean Toomer’s Cane cycle of stories and sketches → movement → Harlem Renaissance ⓘ