Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937
E726088
The Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s controversial “court-packing” proposal to expand the U.S. Supreme Court and secure favorable rulings for New Deal legislation.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8334719 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 Context triple: [New Deal constitutional crisis, hasPart, Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937]
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A.
Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980
The Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980 is a Philippine law that overhauled the country’s court system, streamlining and restructuring the judiciary to improve its efficiency and organization.
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B.
Judiciary Act of 1891
The Judiciary Act of 1891 was a landmark U.S. federal statute that created the intermediate federal courts of appeals, significantly restructuring the federal judiciary and reducing the Supreme Court’s mandatory caseload.
-
C.
Judiciary Act of 1869
The Judiciary Act of 1869 was a U.S. federal law that reorganized the federal judiciary by fixing the number of Supreme Court justices at nine and creating separate circuit judgeships, laying groundwork for later reforms like the Evarts Act.
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D.
Organic Law of the Judicial Power of the Federation
The Organic Law of the Judicial Power of the Federation is a fundamental Mexican statute that structures, regulates, and organizes the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court and other federal courts.
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E.
Tenure of Office Act
The Tenure of Office Act was an 1867 U.S. federal law that restricted the president’s power to remove certain officeholders without Senate approval, and its alleged violation by President Andrew Johnson was central to his impeachment.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 Target entity description: The Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s controversial “court-packing” proposal to expand the U.S. Supreme Court and secure favorable rulings for New Deal legislation.
-
A.
Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980
The Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980 is a Philippine law that overhauled the country’s court system, streamlining and restructuring the judiciary to improve its efficiency and organization.
-
B.
Judiciary Act of 1891
The Judiciary Act of 1891 was a landmark U.S. federal statute that created the intermediate federal courts of appeals, significantly restructuring the federal judiciary and reducing the Supreme Court’s mandatory caseload.
-
C.
Judiciary Act of 1869
The Judiciary Act of 1869 was a U.S. federal law that reorganized the federal judiciary by fixing the number of Supreme Court justices at nine and creating separate circuit judgeships, laying groundwork for later reforms like the Evarts Act.
-
D.
Organic Law of the Judicial Power of the Federation
The Organic Law of the Judicial Power of the Federation is a fundamental Mexican statute that structures, regulates, and organizes the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court and other federal courts.
-
E.
Tenure of Office Act
The Tenure of Office Act was an 1867 U.S. federal law that restricted the president’s power to remove certain officeholders without Senate approval, and its alleged violation by President Andrew Johnson was central to his impeachment.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal bill
ⓘ
proposed legislation ⓘ |
| actualPurposeAsPerCritics | change ideological balance of Supreme Court ⓘ |
| aimedAtInstitution |
Supreme Court of the United States
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
lower federal courts ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Court-Packing Plan
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Roosevelt court-packing plan ⓘ |
| committeeAction | referred to Senate Judiciary Committee ⓘ |
| committeeCharacterization | "needless, futile and utterly dangerous abandonment of constitutional principle" ⓘ |
| committeeReport | Senate Judiciary Committee issued unfavorable report ⓘ |
| consequence |
damage to Roosevelt’s relations with Congress
ⓘ
political defeat for Franklin D. Roosevelt ⓘ strengthening of norm against court-packing ⓘ |
| constitutionalIssue |
judicial independence
ⓘ
separation of powers ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateIntroduced | February 5, 1937 ⓘ |
| field |
United States political history
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | New Deal era NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| intendedEffect |
expand United States Supreme Court
ⓘ
increase number of federal judges ⓘ reorganize federal judiciary ⓘ secure favorable rulings for New Deal legislation ⓘ |
| introducedBy | Franklin D. Roosevelt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| introducedInChamber | United States Senate NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| introducedInLegislature | United States Congress NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| justificationGiven | reduce backlog and improve efficiency of federal courts ⓘ |
| legislativeOutcome |
failed to pass
ⓘ
not enacted into law ⓘ |
| longTermEffect | Supreme Court became more favorable to New Deal due to later appointments NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| maximumAdditionalJustices | 6 ⓘ |
| mechanism | add one new justice for each sitting justice over age 70½ up to six ⓘ |
| motivation | hostile Supreme Court rulings against New Deal laws ⓘ |
| opposedBy |
American Bar Association
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes NERFINISHED ⓘ Republican Party leaders NERFINISHED ⓘ many conservative Democrats ⓘ much of the press ⓘ public opinion majority ⓘ |
| politicalContext | Second New Deal NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| presidentialAdministration | Franklin D. Roosevelt administration NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| proposedBy | Franklin D. Roosevelt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| proposedSupremeCourtSizeLimit | 15 justices ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
New Deal
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Supreme Court and New Deal conflict ⓘ switch in time that saved nine NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| supportedBy |
Franklin D. Roosevelt
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
many New Deal Democrats ⓘ |
| triggerCondition | justice over age 70½ not retiring ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1937 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 Description of subject: The Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s controversial “court-packing” proposal to expand the U.S. Supreme Court and secure favorable rulings for New Deal legislation.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.