dihydroartemisinin
E718725
active pharmaceutical ingredient
antimalarial drug
endoperoxide-containing sesquiterpene lactone
semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin
Dihydroartemisinin is a potent antimalarial drug derived from artemisinin, widely used as a key component of artemisinin-based combination therapies to treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| dihydroartemisinin canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8210856 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: dihydroartemisinin Context triple: [Tu Youyou, discovered, dihydroartemisinin]
-
A.
Balemartine
Balemartine is a small coastal village located on the island of Tiree in Scotland’s Inner Hebrides.
-
B.
Doxato
Doxato is a town in northern Greece located within the Drama regional unit, known for its agricultural surroundings and historical significance.
-
C.
Mectizan
Mectizan is the brand name for ivermectin, a medication widely used to prevent and treat river blindness (onchocerciasis) and certain other parasitic infections.
-
D.
amphotericin B
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication primarily used to treat severe, systemic fungal infections.
-
E.
Auscitain
An Auscitain is a resident or native of Auch, a historic town in the Occitanie region of southwestern France.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: dihydroartemisinin Target entity description: Dihydroartemisinin is a potent antimalarial drug derived from artemisinin, widely used as a key component of artemisinin-based combination therapies to treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
-
A.
Balemartine
Balemartine is a small coastal village located on the island of Tiree in Scotland’s Inner Hebrides.
-
B.
Doxato
Doxato is a town in northern Greece located within the Drama regional unit, known for its agricultural surroundings and historical significance.
-
C.
Mectizan
Mectizan is the brand name for ivermectin, a medication widely used to prevent and treat river blindness (onchocerciasis) and certain other parasitic infections.
-
D.
amphotericin B
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication primarily used to treat severe, systemic fungal infections.
-
E.
Auscitain
An Auscitain is a resident or native of Auch, a historic town in the Occitanie region of southwestern France.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
active pharmaceutical ingredient
ⓘ
antimalarial drug ⓘ endoperoxide-containing sesquiterpene lactone ⓘ semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin ⓘ |
| componentOf |
artemisinin-based combination therapy
ⓘ
dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine combination ⓘ dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine–trimethoprim combination ⓘ |
| derivedFrom | artemisinin ⓘ |
| developedInCountry | China NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| discoveredAsDrugIn | 1970s ⓘ |
| eliminationRoute |
hepatic metabolism
ⓘ
renal excretion of metabolites ⓘ |
| hasATCCode | P01BE06 ⓘ |
| hasBioavailability | high oral bioavailability ⓘ |
| hasCASNumber | 71939-50-9 ⓘ |
| hasChEBIID | CHEBI:94685 ⓘ |
| hasChemicalClass |
artemisinin derivatives
ⓘ
sesquiterpene lactones ⓘ |
| hasCommonAdverseEffect |
abdominal pain
ⓘ
dizziness ⓘ headache ⓘ nausea ⓘ vomiting ⓘ |
| hasFunctionalGroup |
endoperoxide bridge
ⓘ
lactone ⓘ secondary alcohol ⓘ |
| hasHalfLife | approximately 1–3 hours in humans ⓘ |
| hasIUPACName | (3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,10S,12R,12aR)-Decahydro-3,6,9-trimethyl-3,12-epoxy-12H-pyrano[4,3-j]-1,2-benzodioxepin-10-ol ⓘ |
| hasMechanismOfAction |
disrupts parasite proteins via endoperoxide bridge cleavage
ⓘ
generates reactive oxygen species in Plasmodium parasites ⓘ |
| hasMeltingPoint | approximately 152–157 °C ⓘ |
| hasMolarMass | 284.35 g/mol ⓘ |
| hasMolecularFormula | C15H24O5 ⓘ |
| hasPregnancyCategory | use with caution in first trimester ⓘ |
| hasProteinBinding | moderate protein binding ⓘ |
| hasPubChemCID | 456410 ⓘ |
| hasRouteOfAdministration |
intramuscular
ⓘ
intravenous ⓘ oral ⓘ rectal ⓘ |
| hasUNII | K848JZ4886 ⓘ |
| hasWHOModelListStatus | included in WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (via combinations) ⓘ |
| metaboliteOf |
artemether
ⓘ
artesunate ⓘ |
| targetsOrganism |
Plasmodium falciparum
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Plasmodium vivax NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| usedForTreatmentOf |
Plasmodium falciparum malaria
ⓘ
severe malaria ⓘ uncomplicated malaria ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: dihydroartemisinin Description of subject: Dihydroartemisinin is a potent antimalarial drug derived from artemisinin, widely used as a key component of artemisinin-based combination therapies to treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.