KamLAND experiment

E716234

long-baseline neutrino experiment neutrino observatory physics experiment reactor neutrino experiment

The KamLAND experiment is a neutrino observatory in Japan that made landmark measurements of neutrino oscillations by detecting antineutrinos from distant nuclear reactors and the Earth’s interior.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
KamLAND	2
KamLAND experiment canonical	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8175001 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: KamLAND experiment
Context triple: [Kamioka Observatory, knownFor, KamLAND experiment]

A. Kamiokande experiment
The Kamiokande experiment was a pioneering Japanese neutrino observatory that provided key evidence for solar and atmospheric neutrinos, contributing to the discovery of neutrino oscillations.
B. Baksan Neutrino Observatory
The Baksan Neutrino Observatory is a Russian underground research facility in the Caucasus Mountains dedicated to detecting neutrinos and studying rare subatomic processes in a low-background environment.
C. LBNE experiment
The LBNE (Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment) was a proposed U.S.-based long-baseline neutrino physics project that laid the groundwork for what became the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE).
D. Borexino
Borexino is a large liquid scintillator neutrino detector located at Italy’s Gran Sasso National Laboratory, designed to study low-energy solar and other neutrinos with extremely low background levels.
E. MINOS experiment
The MINOS experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation project that studied how neutrinos change type as they travel from Fermilab to a distant underground detector.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: KamLAND experiment
Target entity description: The KamLAND experiment is a neutrino observatory in Japan that made landmark measurements of neutrino oscillations by detecting antineutrinos from distant nuclear reactors and the Earth’s interior.

A. Kamiokande experiment
The Kamiokande experiment was a pioneering Japanese neutrino observatory that provided key evidence for solar and atmospheric neutrinos, contributing to the discovery of neutrino oscillations.
B. Baksan Neutrino Observatory
The Baksan Neutrino Observatory is a Russian underground research facility in the Caucasus Mountains dedicated to detecting neutrinos and studying rare subatomic processes in a low-background environment.
C. LBNE experiment
The LBNE (Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment) was a proposed U.S.-based long-baseline neutrino physics project that laid the groundwork for what became the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE).
D. Borexino
Borexino is a large liquid scintillator neutrino detector located at Italy’s Gran Sasso National Laboratory, designed to study low-energy solar and other neutrinos with extremely low background levels.
E. MINOS experiment
The MINOS experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation project that studied how neutrinos change type as they travel from Fermilab to a distant underground detector.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	long-baseline neutrino experiment ⓘ neutrino observatory ⓘ physics experiment ⓘ reactor neutrino experiment ⓘ
announcedFirstOscillationResult	2002 ⓘ
basedOnDetectorType	liquid scintillator detector ⓘ
collaborationIncludes	European institutions ⓘ Japanese institutions ⓘ United States institutions ⓘ
collaborationSize	of order 100 scientists ⓘ
confirmed	Large Mixing Angle solution of solar neutrino problem ⓘ
contributedTo	constraints on radiogenic heat production in the Earth ⓘ global fits of neutrino oscillation parameters ⓘ
country	Japan ⓘ
detected	geoneutrinos from Earth’s interior ⓘ
detectionMethod	inverse beta decay ⓘ
detects	electron antineutrinos ⓘ geoneutrinos ⓘ reactor antineutrinos ⓘ
field	astroparticle physics ⓘ neutrino physics ⓘ
firstDataTaking	2002 ⓘ
hasDetectorMass	about 1 kiloton of liquid scintillator ⓘ
locatedIn	Gifu Prefecture NERFINISHED ⓘ Hida NERFINISHED ⓘ Honshu ⓘ Japan ⓘ Kamioka Observatory NERFINISHED ⓘ Kamioka mine NERFINISHED ⓘ
locatedUndergroundDepth	approximately 1000 meters ⓘ approximately 2700 meters water equivalent ⓘ
madeLandmarkMeasurement	precision measurement of Δm²21 ⓘ precision measurement of θ12 ⓘ
measured	disappearance of reactor antineutrinos over long baselines ⓘ
operatedBy	University of Tokyo NERFINISHED ⓘ
primaryPhysicsGoal	measurement of neutrino mixing parameters ⓘ measurement of neutrino oscillations ⓘ
providedEvidenceFor	neutrino oscillations using reactor antineutrinos ⓘ
receivesAntineutrinosFrom	distant nuclear reactors ⓘ multiple Japanese nuclear power plants ⓘ
relatedTo	Borexino experiment NERFINISHED ⓘ Super-Kamiokande experiment NERFINISHED ⓘ
shielding	located deep underground ⓘ
studies	mass-squared difference Δm²21 ⓘ mixing angle θ12 ⓘ solar neutrino oscillation parameters ⓘ
surroundedBy	buffer oil ⓘ photomultiplier tubes ⓘ
typicalBaseline	about 180 km from nuclear reactors ⓘ
usesTargetMaterial	ultra-pure liquid scintillator ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Kamioka Observatory, Gifu Prefecture, Japan → knownFor → KamLAND experiment ⓘ

subject surface form: Kamioka Observatory

Kamioka Observatory, Gifu Prefecture, Japan → hasExperiment → KamLAND experiment ⓘ

subject surface form: Kamioka Observatory

this entity surface form: KamLAND

neutrino oscillation → confirmedBy → KamLAND experiment ⓘ