Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam
E706445
Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam is a seminal collection of essays by Iranian philosopher Abdolkarim Soroush that explores the compatibility of Islamic thought with rational inquiry, individual liberty, and democratic governance.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8047769 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam Context triple: [Abdolkarim Soroush, notableWork, Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam]
-
A.
Reconciliation: Islam, Democracy, and the West
Reconciliation: Islam, Democracy, and the West is a political and philosophical work by former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto that explores how Islamic principles can coexist with democratic governance and Western values.
-
B.
Islam and the West
Islam and the West refers to the complex historical, cultural, political, and religious relationship and interactions between Islamic societies and Western civilizations.
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C.
Religion and Liberty
Religion and Liberty is a political and philosophical work by Iranian thinker Mehdi Bazargan that explores the relationship between Islamic faith and democratic freedoms.
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D.
The Spirit of Islam
The Spirit of Islam is a seminal scholarly work that presents a sympathetic, reformist interpretation of Islamic history, theology, and civilization for both Muslim and Western audiences.
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E.
Against the Islamization of Our Culture
"Against the Islamization of Our Culture" is a political book by Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn in which he criticizes Islam’s influence on Western European society and culture.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam Target entity description: Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam is a seminal collection of essays by Iranian philosopher Abdolkarim Soroush that explores the compatibility of Islamic thought with rational inquiry, individual liberty, and democratic governance.
-
A.
Reconciliation: Islam, Democracy, and the West
Reconciliation: Islam, Democracy, and the West is a political and philosophical work by former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto that explores how Islamic principles can coexist with democratic governance and Western values.
-
B.
Islam and the West
Islam and the West refers to the complex historical, cultural, political, and religious relationship and interactions between Islamic societies and Western civilizations.
-
C.
Religion and Liberty
Religion and Liberty is a political and philosophical work by Iranian thinker Mehdi Bazargan that explores the relationship between Islamic faith and democratic freedoms.
-
D.
The Spirit of Islam
The Spirit of Islam is a seminal scholarly work that presents a sympathetic, reformist interpretation of Islamic history, theology, and civilization for both Muslim and Western audiences.
-
E.
Against the Islamization of Our Culture
"Against the Islamization of Our Culture" is a political book by Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn in which he criticizes Islam’s influence on Western European society and culture.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
book
ⓘ
essay collection ⓘ |
| author | Abdolkarim Soroush NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| centralClaim |
Islam is compatible with democracy under certain interpretive frameworks
ⓘ
democratic governance can be justified within Islamic thought ⓘ freedom of belief and expression are necessary for genuine religious faith ⓘ pluralism in religious interpretation is both inevitable and desirable ⓘ religious knowledge is historically conditioned and fallible ⓘ there is a distinction between religion itself and human understanding of religion ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Iran NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| genre |
Islamic studies
ⓘ
non-fiction ⓘ philosophy ⓘ |
| hasPart |
essay "The Evolution and Devolution of Religious Knowledge"
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
essay "The Expansion of Prophetic Experience" ⓘ essay "The Idea of Democratic Religious Government" NERFINISHED ⓘ essay "The Plurality of the Truth" NERFINISHED ⓘ essay "The Theoretical Contraction and Expansion of Shari'a" NERFINISHED ⓘ essay "Tolerance and Governance" ⓘ |
| influencedBy |
Abdolkarim Soroush's theory of the contraction and expansion of religious knowledge
ⓘ
Islamic reformist movements in Iran ⓘ modern liberal political theory ⓘ |
| intendedAudience |
general readers interested in Islam and democracy
ⓘ
scholars of Islamic studies ⓘ students of political philosophy ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
Islam and democracy
ⓘ
Islam and modernity ⓘ Islamic reform ⓘ civil society in Muslim contexts ⓘ freedom of thought in Islam ⓘ hermeneutics of religious texts ⓘ individual liberty in Islam ⓘ political theology in Islam ⓘ rationality in Islamic thought ⓘ relationship between religion and democracy ⓘ religious authority in Islam ⓘ religious epistemology ⓘ religious pluralism in Islam ⓘ |
| notableFor |
articulating a reformist Islamic justification for democracy
ⓘ
developing a distinction between religion and religious knowledge ⓘ influencing debates on political reform in Muslim-majority societies ⓘ presenting a philosophical defense of religious pluralism within Islam ⓘ |
| originalLanguage | Persian NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| philosophicalTradition |
Islamic philosophy
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
liberal political philosophy ⓘ religious reformism ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam Description of subject: Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam is a seminal collection of essays by Iranian philosopher Abdolkarim Soroush that explores the compatibility of Islamic thought with rational inquiry, individual liberty, and democratic governance.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.