Lucifer cipher
E678089
The Lucifer cipher is an early block cipher developed at IBM by Horst Feistel that served as a foundational design precursor to the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Lucifer cipher canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7636623 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Lucifer cipher Context triple: [Data Encryption Standard, influencedBy, Lucifer cipher]
-
A.
Serpent cipher
Serpent cipher is a symmetric-key block cipher and former AES finalist known for its strong security margin and conservative design based on a substitution–permutation network structure.
-
B.
Alberti cipher disk
The Alberti cipher disk is a 15th-century polyalphabetic substitution device, considered one of the earliest mechanical tools for encrypting messages and a foundational innovation in modern cryptography.
-
C.
Spritz cipher
Spritz cipher is a modern stream cipher and hash function designed by Ronald Rivest and Jacob Schuldt as a more secure and flexible successor to RC4.
-
D.
Square cipher
The Square cipher is a block cipher and direct predecessor to the Rijndael algorithm (later standardized as AES), notable for introducing design ideas such as the wide trail strategy.
-
E.
Playfair
Playfair is a Scottish surname most notably associated with John Playfair, an 18th–19th century mathematician and geologist known for popularizing geometry and scientific ideas.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Lucifer cipher Target entity description: The Lucifer cipher is an early block cipher developed at IBM by Horst Feistel that served as a foundational design precursor to the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
-
A.
Serpent cipher
Serpent cipher is a symmetric-key block cipher and former AES finalist known for its strong security margin and conservative design based on a substitution–permutation network structure.
-
B.
Alberti cipher disk
The Alberti cipher disk is a 15th-century polyalphabetic substitution device, considered one of the earliest mechanical tools for encrypting messages and a foundational innovation in modern cryptography.
-
C.
Spritz cipher
Spritz cipher is a modern stream cipher and hash function designed by Ronald Rivest and Jacob Schuldt as a more secure and flexible successor to RC4.
-
D.
Square cipher
The Square cipher is a block cipher and direct predecessor to the Rijndael algorithm (later standardized as AES), notable for introducing design ideas such as the wide trail strategy.
-
E.
Playfair
Playfair is a Scottish surname most notably associated with John Playfair, an 18th–19th century mathematician and geologist known for popularizing geometry and scientific ideas.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
block cipher
ⓘ
symmetric-key algorithm ⓘ |
| algorithmClass | private-key cipher ⓘ |
| basedOn | Feistel network NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| blockCipherType | Feistel cipher ⓘ |
| blockSize |
128 bits
ⓘ
64 bits ⓘ |
| comparedWith |
DES-like ciphers
ⓘ
Data Encryption Standard NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| cryptographicCategory | symmetric block cipher ⓘ |
| designer | Horst Feistel NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| designGoal | secure encryption of digital data ⓘ |
| developedAt | IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| developer | IBM ⓘ |
| fieldOfUse |
cryptography
ⓘ
data encryption ⓘ |
| hasProperty |
iterated cipher
ⓘ
uses multiple rounds of encryption ⓘ |
| hasVariant |
Lucifer (64-bit block, 128-bit key version)
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Lucifer (64-bit block, 64-bit key version) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
one of the first modern block ciphers
ⓘ
prototype for the NBS DES proposal ⓘ |
| implementedIn |
hardware
ⓘ
software ⓘ |
| inception |
1971
ⓘ
early 1970s ⓘ |
| influenced | Data Encryption Standard NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| influencedBy | Shannon substitution–permutation network concepts ⓘ |
| keySize |
128 bits
ⓘ
64 bits ⓘ |
| keyType | symmetric key ⓘ |
| laterDescribedIn | open cryptographic literature after DES publication ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Lucifer NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableFor |
being an early iterated block cipher
ⓘ
influencing the design of DES S-boxes and structure ⓘ |
| precursorOf | Data Encryption Standard NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| publicationContext | IBM internal research ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Data Encryption Standard
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Feistel cipher NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| roundFunctionType | substitution–permutation-based ⓘ |
| securityModel | designed for hardware implementation ⓘ |
| standardizationOutcome | not standardized directly but evolved into DES ⓘ |
| usedFor | confidentiality ⓘ |
| usesStructure | Feistel network NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Lucifer cipher Description of subject: The Lucifer cipher is an early block cipher developed at IBM by Horst Feistel that served as a foundational design precursor to the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.