GABA
E675120
gamma-aminobutyric acid
inhibitory neurotransmitter
neurotransmitter
non-proteinogenic amino acid
organic compound
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, crucial for reducing neuronal excitability and regulating muscle tone and anxiety.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| GABA canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7580693 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: GABA Context triple: [Area X, neurotransmitter, GABA]
-
A.
GAB
GAB is the three-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code assigned to Gabon.
-
B.
Glycine
Glycine is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family that includes important species such as the soybean (Glycine max), widely cultivated for food, oil, and animal feed.
-
C.
GABP
GABP is the commonly used abbreviation for Great American Ball Park, the home stadium of Major League Baseball’s Cincinnati Reds.
-
D.
Gi protein
Gi protein is a subtype of heterotrimeric G protein that inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and modulates various intracellular signaling pathways when activated by G protein–coupled receptors.
-
E.
NMDA receptor
The NMDA receptor is a glutamate-activated ion channel in the brain that plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, and is implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: GABA Target entity description: GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, crucial for reducing neuronal excitability and regulating muscle tone and anxiety.
-
A.
GAB
GAB is the three-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code assigned to Gabon.
-
B.
Glycine
Glycine is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family that includes important species such as the soybean (Glycine max), widely cultivated for food, oil, and animal feed.
-
C.
GABP
GABP is the commonly used abbreviation for Great American Ball Park, the home stadium of Major League Baseball’s Cincinnati Reds.
-
D.
Gi protein
Gi protein is a subtype of heterotrimeric G protein that inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and modulates various intracellular signaling pathways when activated by G protein–coupled receptors.
-
E.
NMDA receptor
The NMDA receptor is a glutamate-activated ion channel in the brain that plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, and is implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
gamma-aminobutyric acid
ⓘ
inhibitory neurotransmitter ⓘ neurotransmitter ⓘ non-proteinogenic amino acid ⓘ organic compound ⓘ |
| actsIn |
brain
ⓘ
central nervous system ⓘ spinal cord ⓘ |
| bindsTo |
GABA-A receptor
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
GABA-B receptor NERFINISHED ⓘ GABA-C receptor NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| chemicalFormula | C4H9NO2 ⓘ |
| effectViaGABAA |
hyperpolarizes postsynaptic membrane
ⓘ
increases chloride ion influx ⓘ |
| effectViaGABAB |
activates G-protein-coupled signaling
ⓘ
inhibits calcium channels ⓘ opens potassium channels ⓘ |
| hasFunctionalGroup |
amino group
ⓘ
carboxylic acid group ⓘ |
| hasIUPACName | 4-aminobutanoic acid ⓘ |
| hasRole |
anxiolytic modulator
ⓘ
neuromodulator ⓘ primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system ⓘ regulator of muscle tone ⓘ regulator of neuronal excitability ⓘ |
| isAssociatedWithDisorder |
Huntington disease
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
anxiety disorders ⓘ epilepsy ⓘ insomnia ⓘ |
| isClearedFromSynapseBy | GABA transporters ⓘ |
| isMetabolizedBy | GABA transaminase ⓘ |
| isPrimaryInhibitoryNeurotransmitterIn | mammalian central nervous system ⓘ |
| isReleasedAt | chemical synapses ⓘ |
| isReleasedBy | GABAergic neurons ⓘ |
| isReleasedInResponseTo | nerve impulse ⓘ |
| isStoredIn | synaptic vesicles ⓘ |
| isSynthesizedByEnzyme | glutamate decarboxylase ⓘ |
| isSynthesizedFrom | glutamate ⓘ |
| isTargetOfDrugClass |
barbiturates
ⓘ
gabapentinoids ⓘ |
| isTargetOfDrugClass |
benzodiazepines
ⓘ
general anesthetics ⓘ some anticonvulsants ⓘ |
| overallEffectOnNeuron | reduces neuronal excitability ⓘ |
| receptorTypeInteractedWith |
ionotropic receptor
ⓘ
metabotropic receptor ⓘ |
| regulatesProcess |
anxiety
ⓘ
muscle tone ⓘ seizure threshold ⓘ sleep ⓘ |
| requiresCofactorForSynthesis | pyridoxal phosphate ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: GABA Description of subject: GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, crucial for reducing neuronal excitability and regulating muscle tone and anxiety.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.