Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection

E67099

Middle English manuscript codex illuminated manuscript medieval manuscript poetry manuscript

The Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection is a late 14th-century Middle English manuscript best known for preserving the unique texts of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and three other alliterative poems.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
British Library Cotton Nero A.x	2
British Library Cotton Nero A.x manuscript	1
Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection canonical	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T537765 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection
Context triple: [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, partOf, Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection]

A. Codex
Codex is an AI system developed by OpenAI that translates natural language into code and powers tools like GitHub Copilot.
B. Codex Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
C. Codex Alexandrinus
Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the Bible, notable as one of the oldest and most complete surviving copies of both the Old and New Testaments.
D. New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts are ancient handwritten copies of the Christian New Testament texts, preserved in various languages and forms and serving as the primary evidence for reconstructing the original biblical writings.
E. Gutenberg Bible copies
Gutenberg Bible copies are surviving exemplars of the first major book printed in Europe using movable metal type by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century, prized for their historical and bibliographic significance.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection
Target entity description: The Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection is a late 14th-century Middle English manuscript best known for preserving the unique texts of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and three other alliterative poems.

A. Codex
Codex is an AI system developed by OpenAI that translates natural language into code and powers tools like GitHub Copilot.
B. Codex Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
C. Codex Alexandrinus
Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the Bible, notable as one of the oldest and most complete surviving copies of both the Old and New Testaments.
D. New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts are ancient handwritten copies of the Christian New Testament texts, preserved in various languages and forms and serving as the primary evidence for reconstructing the original biblical writings.
E. Gutenberg Bible copies
Gutenberg Bible copies are surviving exemplars of the first major book printed in Europe using movable metal type by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century, prized for their historical and bibliographic significance.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (43)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Middle English manuscript ⓘ codex ⓘ illuminated manuscript ⓘ medieval manuscript ⓘ poetry manuscript ⓘ
associatedAuthor	The Gawain Poet ⓘ surface form: Gawain Poet The Gawain Poet ⓘ surface form: Pearl Poet
cataloguedIn	Cotton collection catalogue ⓘ
century	14th century ⓘ
collection	Cotton Library ⓘ
containsWork	Cleanness ⓘ Patience ⓘ Pearl ⓘ Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ⓘ four Middle English alliterative poems ⓘ
date	late 14th century ⓘ
decoration	illuminated initials ⓘ miniatures ⓘ
dialect	English Midlands ⓘ surface form: Northwest Midlands Middle English
genre	alliterative poetry ⓘ
heldBy	British Library ⓘ
language	Middle English ⓘ
literaryTradition	Alliterative Revival ⓘ
location	London, England ⓘ surface form: London
material	parchment ⓘ
notableFor	preserving the unique text of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ⓘ preserving the unique texts of Pearl, Patience, and Cleanness ⓘ
origin	West Midlands ⓘ surface form: West Midlands dialect area
region	England ⓘ
repositorySection	Cotton Nero pressmark series ⓘ
script	Gothic script ⓘ
scriptorium	English scriptorium ⓘ
shelfmark	Cotton Nero A.x ⓘ
stateOfPreservation	partially damaged ⓘ
studiedIn	Middle English literary scholarship ⓘ
subjectMatter	Arthurian romance ⓘ Christian theology ⓘ morality and virtue ⓘ
textualStatus	unique manuscript source for Cleanness ⓘ unique manuscript source for Patience ⓘ unique manuscript source for Pearl ⓘ unique manuscript source for Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ⓘ
writingSystem	Latin alphabet ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight → partOf → Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection ⓘ

The Gawain Poet → workCollectionLocation → Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection ⓘ

this entity surface form: British Library Cotton Nero A.x manuscript

Cleanness → manuscript → Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection ⓘ

this entity surface form: British Library Cotton Nero A.x

Purity → manuscript → Cotton Nero A.x manuscript collection ⓘ