Second Persian Period of Egypt
E647833
The Second Persian Period of Egypt was the era in the 4th century BCE when Egypt was reconquered and ruled by the Achaemenid Persian Empire under its Thirty-first Dynasty, prior to Alexander the Great’s conquest.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Second Persian Period of Egypt canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7179499 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Second Persian Period of Egypt Context triple: [Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt, alsoKnownAs, Second Persian Period of Egypt]
-
A.
First Persian Period of Egypt
The First Persian Period of Egypt was the era when Egypt became a satrapy of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, marked by foreign rule, administrative reorganization, and intermittent resistance by native elites.
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B.
Late Period of Egypt
The Late Period of Egypt was the final era of native Egyptian rule, marked by political fragmentation, foreign invasions (notably by the Persians), and a cultural revival that looked back to earlier Pharaonic traditions.
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C.
Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
The Second Intermediate Period of Egypt was a time of political fragmentation and foreign rule, notably by the Hyksos, between the Middle and New Kingdoms.
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D.
Third Intermediate Period of Egypt
The Third Intermediate Period of Egypt was a time of political fragmentation, weakened central authority, and foreign influence that followed the New Kingdom and preceded the Late Period in ancient Egyptian history.
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E.
Ptolemaic–Roman Egypt
Ptolemaic–Roman Egypt was the period when Egypt was successively ruled by the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty and then incorporated into the Roman Empire, marked by a fusion of Egyptian, Hellenistic, and Roman cultures.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Second Persian Period of Egypt Target entity description: The Second Persian Period of Egypt was the era in the 4th century BCE when Egypt was reconquered and ruled by the Achaemenid Persian Empire under its Thirty-first Dynasty, prior to Alexander the Great’s conquest.
-
A.
First Persian Period of Egypt
The First Persian Period of Egypt was the era when Egypt became a satrapy of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, marked by foreign rule, administrative reorganization, and intermittent resistance by native elites.
-
B.
Late Period of Egypt
The Late Period of Egypt was the final era of native Egyptian rule, marked by political fragmentation, foreign invasions (notably by the Persians), and a cultural revival that looked back to earlier Pharaonic traditions.
-
C.
Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
The Second Intermediate Period of Egypt was a time of political fragmentation and foreign rule, notably by the Hyksos, between the Middle and New Kingdoms.
-
D.
Third Intermediate Period of Egypt
The Third Intermediate Period of Egypt was a time of political fragmentation, weakened central authority, and foreign influence that followed the New Kingdom and preceded the Late Period in ancient Egyptian history.
-
E.
Ptolemaic–Roman Egypt
Ptolemaic–Roman Egypt was the period when Egypt was successively ruled by the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty and then incorporated into the Roman Empire, marked by a fusion of Egyptian, Hellenistic, and Roman cultures.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
historical period
ⓘ
period of foreign rule in Egypt ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Second Achaemenid Period in Egypt
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Second Persian Domination of Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| capital |
Memphis
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Persepolis NERFINISHED ⓘ Susa NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
Achaemenid satrapal administration
ⓘ
garrisoning of Persian troops in Egypt ⓘ tribute to the Persian king ⓘ |
| correspondsTo | Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| country | Egypt ⓘ |
| dynastyNumber | 31 ⓘ |
| endedBy |
Battle of Pelusium (332 BCE)
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great ⓘ |
| endTime | 332 BCE ⓘ |
| follows | Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| governmentForm | satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasRuler |
Artaxerxes III
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Artaxerxes IV Arses NERFINISHED ⓘ Darius III NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasTypeOfRule |
foreign imperial rule
ⓘ
monarchy ⓘ |
| includedOffice | Persian satrap of Egypt ⓘ |
| languageUsed |
Aramaic
ⓘ
Demotic Egyptian NERFINISHED ⓘ Egyptian language ⓘ Old Persian (imperial inscriptions) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Lower Egypt
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Nile Valley NERFINISHED ⓘ Upper Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableSatrap |
Pherendates II
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Sabaces NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| partOf |
Achaemenid rule in Egypt
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Late Period of ancient Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ history of ancient Egypt ⓘ |
| precededBy | First Persian Period of Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| precedes |
Macedonian Period of Egypt
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
rule of Alexander the Great in Egypt ⓘ |
| reconqueredBy | Artaxerxes III NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| reconqueredFrom | Nectanebo II NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| religion |
Zoroastrianism (imperial elite)
ⓘ
ancient Egyptian religion ⓘ |
| startTime | 343 BCE ⓘ |
| timeInCentury | 4th century BCE ⓘ |
| underRuleOf |
Achaemenid Empire
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Artaxerxes III NERFINISHED ⓘ Artaxerxes IV Arses NERFINISHED ⓘ Darius III NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Second Persian Period of Egypt Description of subject: The Second Persian Period of Egypt was the era in the 4th century BCE when Egypt was reconquered and ruled by the Achaemenid Persian Empire under its Thirty-first Dynasty, prior to Alexander the Great’s conquest.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.