Dresden Codex
E646451
The Dresden Codex is one of the oldest surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, renowned for its detailed astronomical tables, ritual calendars, and hieroglyphic inscriptions.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Dresden Codex canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7107592 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dresden Codex Context triple: [God D, appearsIn, Dresden Codex]
-
A.
Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)
The Grolier Codex, also known as the Maya Codex of Mexico, is one of the few surviving pre-Hispanic Maya screenfold books, notable for its astronomical content and status as one of the oldest known books from the Americas.
-
B.
Madrid Codex
The Madrid Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, notable for its hieroglyphic script and detailed ritual, calendrical, and astronomical content.
-
C.
Maya codices
The Maya codices are a small surviving collection of pre-Columbian bark-paper books that record the ancient Maya’s astronomical, calendrical, and ritual knowledge.
-
D.
Paris Codex
The Paris Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, containing hieroglyphic texts and astronomical information that offer crucial insight into ancient Maya civilization.
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E.
Codex Chimalpopoca
Codex Chimalpopoca is a 16th-century Nahuatl manuscript that preserves key Aztec historical narratives and mythological accounts, including versions of the creation stories and the legend of Quetzalcoatl.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dresden Codex Target entity description: The Dresden Codex is one of the oldest surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, renowned for its detailed astronomical tables, ritual calendars, and hieroglyphic inscriptions.
-
A.
Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)
The Grolier Codex, also known as the Maya Codex of Mexico, is one of the few surviving pre-Hispanic Maya screenfold books, notable for its astronomical content and status as one of the oldest known books from the Americas.
-
B.
Madrid Codex
The Madrid Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, notable for its hieroglyphic script and detailed ritual, calendrical, and astronomical content.
-
C.
Maya codices
The Maya codices are a small surviving collection of pre-Columbian bark-paper books that record the ancient Maya’s astronomical, calendrical, and ritual knowledge.
-
D.
Paris Codex
The Paris Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, containing hieroglyphic texts and astronomical information that offer crucial insight into ancient Maya civilization.
-
E.
Codex Chimalpopoca
Codex Chimalpopoca is a 16th-century Nahuatl manuscript that preserves key Aztec historical narratives and mythological accounts, including versions of the creation stories and the legend of Quetzalcoatl.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (60)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Maya codex
ⓘ
archaeological artifact ⓘ pre-Columbian manuscript ⓘ |
| acquisition |
acquired by the Royal Library in Dresden in the 18th century
ⓘ
brought to Europe in the colonial period ⓘ |
| associatedCalendar |
260-day Tzolk’in calendar
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
365-day Haab’ calendar ⓘ Long Count calendar NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| collection | Sächsische Landesbibliothek – Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conservationStatus |
fragile
ⓘ
partially damaged by water during World War II ⓘ |
| contains |
New Year pages
ⓘ
Venus tables NERFINISHED ⓘ astronomical tables ⓘ divinatory almanacs ⓘ eclipse tables ⓘ hieroglyphic inscriptions ⓘ rain and agriculture almanacs ⓘ ritual calendars ⓘ |
| containsDeityDepictions |
Chaac
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Itzamna NERFINISHED ⓘ various Maya gods and goddesses ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Mexico ⓘ |
| culture | Maya civilization ⓘ |
| currentLocation | Dresden, Germany NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| dateOfCreation | 11th–12th century ⓘ |
| digitalAvailability | digitized and accessible online by SLUB Dresden ⓘ |
| dimension |
approximately 20 cm in height
ⓘ
approximately 3.5 meters in total length when unfolded ⓘ |
| earliestPossibleDate | 10th century ⓘ |
| format | screenfold codex ⓘ |
| hasPart |
Venus table section
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
almanacs of gods and rituals ⓘ eclipse table section ⓘ flood and catastrophe pages ⓘ |
| language | Classical Maya ⓘ |
| latestPossibleDate | 13th century ⓘ |
| material |
amatl paper
ⓘ
bark paper ⓘ |
| namedAfter | city of Dresden ⓘ |
| numberOfPages |
39 leaves
ⓘ
78 pages (recto and verso) ⓘ |
| origin |
Maya Lowlands
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Yucatán Peninsula NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedWork |
Grolier Codex
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Madrid Codex NERFINISHED ⓘ Paris Codex NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| reproduction | facsimile editions published ⓘ |
| scriptDirection |
left-to-right
ⓘ
top-to-bottom in columns ⓘ |
| shelfmark | Mscr. Dresd. R 310 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| significance |
key source for understanding Maya astronomy
ⓘ
key source for understanding Maya calendar systems ⓘ one of the most complete surviving Maya codices ⓘ one of the oldest surviving books from the Americas ⓘ |
| usedFor |
astronomical prediction
ⓘ
divination ⓘ ritual planning ⓘ |
| writingMedium | painted with mineral and organic pigments ⓘ |
| writingSystem | Maya hieroglyphic script ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Dresden Codex Description of subject: The Dresden Codex is one of the oldest surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, renowned for its detailed astronomical tables, ritual calendars, and hieroglyphic inscriptions.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.