Treaty of Nöteborg

E641594

historical event peace treaty

The Treaty of Nöteborg was a 1323 peace agreement between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic that established one of the first formal borders between Western and Eastern powers in northern Europe, particularly in the Karelian region.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty of Oreshek 1323	2
Treaty of Nöteborg canonical	1
Treaty of Nöteborg (1323)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7098553 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Nöteborg
Context triple: [Swedish–Novgorodian conflicts, hasPart, Treaty of Nöteborg]

A. Karlstad Treaty
The Karlstad Treaty was the 1905 agreement that peacefully ended the union between Sweden and Norway and established Norway as an independent state.
B. Treaty of Stolbovo
The Treaty of Stolbovo was a 1617 peace agreement between Sweden and Russia that ended the Ingrian War, significantly expanding Swedish territory and influence in the eastern Baltic region.
C. Treaty of Roskilde
The Treaty of Roskilde was a 1658 peace agreement in which Denmark-Norway ceded vast territories to the Swedish Empire, marking one of Sweden’s greatest expansions in the 17th century.
D. Treaty of Brömsebro
The Treaty of Brömsebro was a 1645 peace agreement between Sweden and Denmark-Norway that significantly expanded Swedish territory and influence in the Nordic region during the Thirty Years' War.
E. Treaty of Lund
The Treaty of Lund was a 1679 peace agreement between Denmark-Norway and Sweden that helped end the Scanian War and largely restored the pre-war territorial status quo in Scandinavia.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Nöteborg
Target entity description: The Treaty of Nöteborg was a 1323 peace agreement between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic that established one of the first formal borders between Western and Eastern powers in northern Europe, particularly in the Karelian region.

A. Karlstad Treaty
The Karlstad Treaty was the 1905 agreement that peacefully ended the union between Sweden and Norway and established Norway as an independent state.
B. Treaty of Stolbovo
The Treaty of Stolbovo was a 1617 peace agreement between Sweden and Russia that ended the Ingrian War, significantly expanding Swedish territory and influence in the eastern Baltic region.
C. Treaty of Roskilde
The Treaty of Roskilde was a 1658 peace agreement in which Denmark-Norway ceded vast territories to the Swedish Empire, marking one of Sweden’s greatest expansions in the 17th century.
D. Treaty of Brömsebro
The Treaty of Brömsebro was a 1645 peace agreement between Sweden and Denmark-Norway that significantly expanded Swedish territory and influence in the Nordic region during the Thirty Years' War.
E. Treaty of Lund
The Treaty of Lund was a 1679 peace agreement between Denmark-Norway and Sweden that helped end the Scanian War and largely restored the pre-war territorial status quo in Scandinavia.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	historical event ⓘ peace treaty ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Pähkinäsaaren rauha NERFINISHED ⓘ Pähkinäsaari Peace NERFINISHED ⓘ Treaty of Oreshek NERFINISHED ⓘ
borderType	land border ⓘ maritime border ⓘ
categorizedAs	1320s treaty ⓘ medieval European treaty ⓘ
countryBenefited	Kingdom of Sweden NERFINISHED ⓘ Novgorod Republic NERFINISHED ⓘ
dateSigned	1323-08-12 ⓘ
definedBorderIn	Gulf of Bothnia region NERFINISHED ⓘ Karelian Isthmus NERFINISHED ⓘ Ladoga region ⓘ
definedStatusOf	Karelian territories ⓘ coastal areas of the Gulf of Bothnia ⓘ
establishedBorderBetween	Kingdom of Sweden NERFINISHED ⓘ Novgorod Republic NERFINISHED ⓘ
followedBy	later Swedish–Russian border treaties ⓘ
geopoliticalSignificance	first known formal border agreement in far northern Europe between Western and Eastern powers ⓘ
historicalPeriod	Middle Ages NERFINISHED ⓘ
languageOfDocument	Latin ⓘ Russian ⓘ Swedish ⓘ
locatedInPresentDay	Shlisselburg, Russia NERFINISHED ⓘ
longTermImpact	basis for later Swedish–Russian border arrangements in the north ⓘ
partOf	history of Karelia ⓘ history of Russia ⓘ history of Sweden ⓘ history of the Novgorod Republic ⓘ
precededBy	Swedish–Novgorodian Wars NERFINISHED ⓘ
regionAffected	Karelia NERFINISHED ⓘ Northern Europe NERFINISHED ⓘ
religiousContext	border between Roman Catholic and Orthodox spheres of influence ⓘ
result	end of Swedish–Novgorodian conflict in Karelia ⓘ establishment of a formal frontier between Western and Eastern Christian spheres in the north ⓘ
signatory	Kingdom of Sweden NERFINISHED ⓘ Novgorod Republic NERFINISHED ⓘ
signedAt	Nöteborg NERFINISHED ⓘ Oreshek Fortress NERFINISHED ⓘ
signedByRepresentativeOf	King Magnus IV of Sweden NERFINISHED ⓘ Novgorod boyars NERFINISHED ⓘ
subjectOf	border disputes between Sweden and Novgorod ⓘ
topic	Nordic–Russian relations ⓘ medieval diplomacy ⓘ
yearSigned	1323 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Swedish–Novgorodian conflicts → hasPart → Treaty of Nöteborg ⓘ

Swedish–Novgorodian conflicts → outcome → Treaty of Nöteborg ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty of Nöteborg (1323)

Oreshek → significantEvent → Treaty of Nöteborg ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty of Oreshek 1323

Oreshek Fortress → significantEvent → Treaty of Nöteborg ⓘ