Variola virus

E617597

Variola virus is the orthopoxvirus that causes smallpox, a once-devastating human disease that was globally eradicated through vaccination efforts led by the World Health Organization.

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Observed surface forms (1)

Surface form Occurrences
Variola major virus 1

Statements (48)

Predicate Object
instanceOf human pathogen
orthopoxvirus
virus
associatedDisease Variola major NERFINISHED
Variola minor NERFINISHED
BaltimoreClassification Group I dsDNA viruses
biosafetyLevel BSL-4
caseFatalityRateRange up to 30 percent for Variola major
causes smallpox
clinicalFeature fever followed by characteristic pustular rash
controlMethod vaccination with vaccinia virus
currentVaccinePolicy routine vaccination discontinued after eradication
designatedAs bioterrorism threat agent
select agent
DNAStrandPolarity double-stranded
entryReceptor glycosaminoglycans on host cells
enveloped true
eradicationDeclaredBy World Health Organization NERFINISHED
eradicationStatus eradicated in the wild
eradicationYear 1980
family Poxviridae NERFINISHED
genomeSizeApproximate about 186 kilobase pairs
genomeStructure linear DNA
genomeType double-stranded DNA
genus Orthopoxvirus NERFINISHED
historicalImpact caused high childhood mortality
caused major pandemics
hostRange narrow
immuneEvasionMechanism inhibition of host interferon responses
production of viral cytokine decoy receptors
incubationPeriodRange about 7 to 17 days
infects humans
naturalHost Homo sapiens
order unassigned within Poxviridae
parentTaxon Orthopoxvirus NERFINISHED
primaryPrevention vaccination
primaryReservoir humans
primaryTropism epidermal cells
respiratory epithelium
replicationCharacteristic encodes its own transcription machinery
replicationSite cytoplasm
taxonRank species
transmissionRoute aerosol
direct contact with lesions
respiratory droplets
vaccineTypeUsed live attenuated vaccinia virus vaccine
virionShape brick-shaped
zoonotic false

Referenced by (2)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

CDC Category A agent hasExampleAgent Variola virus
this entity surface form: Variola major virus