Poisson’s ratio

E559806

Poisson’s ratio is a fundamental material property in mechanics that quantifies how much a material contracts laterally when stretched or expands laterally when compressed.

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Statements (48)

Predicate Object
instanceOf dimensionless quantity
material property
mechanical property
affects lateral deformation of beams and rods
volumetric strain under uniaxial loading
wave propagation speeds in solids
alsoKnownAs ν
appearsIn Hooke’s law for isotropic materials NERFINISHED
assumedConstantIn linear elasticity
canBe negative
positive
zero
category elastic constants
definedAs negative ratio of transverse strain to axial strain
describes lateral strain response to axial strain
transverse contraction under longitudinal tension
transverse expansion under longitudinal compression
field materials science
mechanics
solid mechanics
isParameterOf constitutive models for solids
mayBeAnisotropicIn composite materials
measuredBy uniaxial compression test
uniaxial tensile test
measuredUsing digital image correlation
strain gauges
namedAfter Siméon Denis Poisson NERFINISHED
negativeValuesObservedIn auxetic materials
positiveValueMeans lateral contraction under tension
lateral expansion under compression
relevantFor biomechanics of soft tissues
design of pressure vessels
geomechanics
symbol ν
typicalRangeForIsotropicSolids 0 to 0.5
typicalValueForCork close to 0
typicalValueForMetals about 0.3
typicalValueForRubber close to 0.5
unit dimensionless
upperLimitForStableIsotropicLinearElasticMaterial 0.5
usedIn elasticity theory
finite element analysis
stress–strain analysis
structural engineering design
vibration analysis
usedToRelate Young’s modulus and bulk modulus
Young’s modulus and shear modulus
zeroValueMeans no lateral strain under axial loading

Referenced by (2)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Siméon Denis Poisson notableConcept Poisson’s ratio
Siméon Denis Poisson notableWork Poisson’s ratio