Ātman
E538716
Ātman is the concept in Indian philosophy and spirituality referring to the innermost self or soul, regarded as the true, unchanging essence of an individual.
All labels observed (2)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5519195 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ātman Context triple: [Śvetāśvatara Upanishad, focusesOn, Ātman]
-
A.
Brahman
Brahman is the ultimate, all-pervading reality or absolute principle in Hindu philosophy, understood as the source and essence of everything that exists.
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B.
Purusha
Purusha is the cosmic being or universal spirit in Vedic and later Hindu philosophy, often depicted as the primordial person whose sacrifice gives rise to the universe and social order.
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C.
Buddhi
Buddhi is a personification of intellect and wisdom in Hindu tradition, revered as one of the spiritual qualities or consorts associated with the deity Ganesha.
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D.
Videha
Videha was an ancient Indo-Aryan kingdom in the eastern Indian subcontinent, centered in the Mithila region and known from Vedic and later religious traditions.
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E.
Agnanta
Agnanta is a traditional mountain village in the Tzoumerka region of Epirus in northwestern Greece, known for its natural beauty and stone-built architecture.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ātman Target entity description: Ātman is the concept in Indian philosophy and spirituality referring to the innermost self or soul, regarded as the true, unchanging essence of an individual.
-
A.
Brahman
Brahman is the ultimate, all-pervading reality or absolute principle in Hindu philosophy, understood as the source and essence of everything that exists.
-
B.
Purusha
Purusha is the cosmic being or universal spirit in Vedic and later Hindu philosophy, often depicted as the primordial person whose sacrifice gives rise to the universe and social order.
-
C.
Buddhi
Buddhi is a personification of intellect and wisdom in Hindu tradition, revered as one of the spiritual qualities or consorts associated with the deity Ganesha.
-
D.
Videha
Videha was an ancient Indo-Aryan kingdom in the eastern Indian subcontinent, centered in the Mithila region and known from Vedic and later religious traditions.
-
E.
Agnanta
Agnanta is a traditional mountain village in the Tzoumerka region of Epirus in northwestern Greece, known for its natural beauty and stone-built architecture.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (53)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Sanskrit term
ⓘ
metaphysical concept ⓘ philosophical concept ⓘ religious concept ⓘ |
| associatedWith | liberation (mokṣa) ⓘ |
| considered |
eternal
ⓘ
indestructible ⓘ pure consciousness ⓘ unchanging ⓘ |
| contrastedWith |
body
ⓘ
ego ⓘ mind ⓘ personality ⓘ |
| describes |
innermost essence of an individual
ⓘ
unchanging self ⓘ |
| differsFrom | jīva in some traditions ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom | Brahman in some other Vedānta schools ⓘ |
| etymologyRoot | Sanskrit root "an" meaning to breathe ⓘ |
| goalOfRealizationIn |
Hindu spiritual practice
ⓘ
Jnana Yoga NERFINISHED ⓘ Rāja Yoga NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasLanguage | Sanskrit NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasMeaning |
inner self
ⓘ
self ⓘ soul ⓘ true self ⓘ |
| hasPluralForm | ātmānaḥ in Sanskrit grammar ⓘ |
| identifiedWith | Brahman in Advaita Vedānta ⓘ |
| isCentralTo |
Hindu philosophy
ⓘ
Upaniṣadic thought ⓘ Vedānta NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isDeniedBy | Buddhist doctrine of anātman ⓘ |
| isDescribedAs |
inner controller
ⓘ
seer of all mental states ⓘ witness consciousness ⓘ |
| isDiscussedIn |
Bhagavad Gītā
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Brahma Sūtras NERFINISHED ⓘ Upaniṣads NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isKeyConceptIn |
Advaita Vedānta
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Dvaita Vedānta NERFINISHED ⓘ Sāṃkhya NERFINISHED ⓘ Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta NERFINISHED ⓘ Yoga philosophy ⓘ |
| isNot |
empirical personality
ⓘ
physical entity ⓘ |
| isPartOf |
Indian philosophy
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Indian spirituality NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isRelatedConcept |
Puruṣa in Sāṃkhya
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Tathāgatagarbha in some Buddhist interpretations ⓘ |
| isSubjectOf | non-dual realization in Advaita Vedānta ⓘ |
| realizationLeadsTo | mokṣa ⓘ |
| relatedTo | Brahman NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| translatedAs | Self with capital S ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ātman Description of subject: Ātman is the concept in Indian philosophy and spirituality referring to the innermost self or soul, regarded as the true, unchanging essence of an individual.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Atman
this entity surface form:
Atman
this entity surface form:
Atman
this entity surface form:
Atman