Loyalty Order
E519472
The Loyalty Order was a 1947 U.S. presidential directive issued by Harry S. Truman that established a federal employee loyalty program to investigate and dismiss workers suspected of disloyalty or communist ties during the early Cold War.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Loyalty Order canonical | 1 |
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States presidential executive order
ⓘ
loyalty-security program ⓘ |
| aimedAt |
persons with alleged subversive or fascist affiliations
ⓘ
suspected communists in the federal government ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Truman loyalty program
ⓘ
federal employee loyalty program of 1947 ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
civilian employees of the U.S. federal government
ⓘ
federal employees ⓘ |
| authorized |
dismissal of employees on grounds of reasonable doubt as to loyalty
ⓘ
loyalty investigations of federal employees ⓘ |
| cameIntoForce | 1947 ⓘ |
| context |
beginning of the Second Red Scare
ⓘ
post–World War II anti-communism in the United States ⓘ |
| country | United States of America ⓘ |
| created |
federal loyalty boards
ⓘ
loyalty review procedures in executive agencies ⓘ |
| criticizedFor |
encouraging guilt by association
ⓘ
vague standards of disloyalty ⓘ weak protection of civil liberties ⓘ |
| dateSigned | 1947-03-21 ⓘ |
| field |
U.S. labor and employment law
ⓘ
U.S. national security law ⓘ |
| hasOfficialName | Executive Order 9835 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | early Cold War ⓘ |
| implementedBy |
Civil Service Commission Loyalty Review Board
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
loyalty boards in individual federal agencies ⓘ |
| includedCriterion |
advocacy of violent overthrow of the U.S. government
ⓘ
membership in organizations designated as subversive ⓘ |
| issuedBy | Executive Office of the President of the United States NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalBasisFor |
screening of applicants for federal employment
ⓘ
screening of current federal employees ⓘ |
| legalStatus | revoked ⓘ |
| partOf | United States federal loyalty-security program NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| politicalEffect |
contributed to climate of McCarthy-era anti-communism
ⓘ
expanded federal role in internal security ⓘ |
| purpose |
to dismiss federal employees deemed disloyal
ⓘ
to establish a federal employee loyalty program ⓘ to investigate federal employees suspected of disloyalty ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
House Un-American Activities Committee
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
McCarthyism ⓘ Second Red Scare NERFINISHED ⓘ internal security in the United States ⓘ |
| replacedBy | Executive Order 10450 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| replacedByDate | 1953 ⓘ |
| signedBy | Harry S. Truman NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signingPresident | Harry S. Truman NERFINISHED ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.