Dutch famine of 1944–45

E512680

World War II event famine historical event

The Dutch famine of 1944–45, known as the Hunger Winter, was a severe wartime famine in the German-occupied Netherlands that caused widespread starvation and long-term health effects for the civilian population.

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Observed surface forms (2)

Surface form	Occurrences
Hunger Winter in the occupied Netherlands	1
Hunger Winter of 1944–1945	1

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	World War II event ⓘ famine ⓘ historical event ⓘ
affectedArea	Amsterdam NERFINISHED ⓘ Randstad NERFINISHED ⓘ Rotterdam NERFINISHED ⓘ The Hague NERFINISHED ⓘ Utrecht NERFINISHED ⓘ
cause	Allied advance stalling after Operation Market Garden ⓘ German blockade of food and fuel shipments ⓘ German reprisals after Dutch railway strike ⓘ disruption of transport infrastructure ⓘ harsh winter weather ⓘ
country	Netherlands ⓘ
endTime	May 1945 ⓘ
followedBy	Allied food relief operations ⓘ
foodRationLevel	as low as 400–500 kilocalories per day in some areas ⓘ
hasAlias	Hongerwinter NERFINISHED ⓘ Hunger Winter NERFINISHED ⓘ
hasEffect	increased infant mortality ⓘ increased risk of adult metabolic disease in exposed cohorts ⓘ increased risk of cardiovascular disease in later life ⓘ increased risk of schizophrenia in prenatally exposed individuals ⓘ low birth weight in babies ⓘ malnutrition-related illnesses ⓘ stunted growth in children ⓘ
hasSignificance	key natural experiment in developmental origins of health and disease ⓘ symbol of civilian suffering in occupied Europe ⓘ
locatedInTime	1944 ⓘ 1945 ⓘ
location	German-occupied Netherlands NERFINISHED ⓘ
notableFor	epigenetic research ⓘ impact on children in utero ⓘ long-term health effects on survivors ⓘ widespread starvation ⓘ
numberOfDeaths	approximately 20000 ⓘ
occupationAuthority	German military administration in the Netherlands NERFINISHED ⓘ
partOf	World War II ⓘ
perpetrator	Nazi Germany NERFINISHED ⓘ
precededBy	Operation Market Garden NERFINISHED ⓘ
relatedTo	Dutch railway strike of 1944 NERFINISHED ⓘ Dutch resistance NERFINISHED ⓘ
reliefOperation	Operation Chowhound NERFINISHED ⓘ Operation Manna NERFINISHED ⓘ Swedish white bread shipments ⓘ
startTime	September 1944 ⓘ
studiedBy	epidemiologists ⓘ geneticists ⓘ public health researchers ⓘ
victim	Dutch civilian population ⓘ

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Hunger Winter → alsoKnownAs → Dutch famine of 1944–45 ⓘ

Reichskommissariat Niederlande → notableEvent → Dutch famine of 1944–45 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Hunger Winter of 1944–1945

Allied liberation of the Low Countries → notableEvent → Dutch famine of 1944–45 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Hunger Winter in the occupied Netherlands