Luhn algorithm variant
E506542
The Luhn algorithm variant is a checksum method adapted for validating International Securities Identification Numbers (ISINs) and other financial identifiers under the ISO 6166 standard.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Luhn algorithm variant canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5261579 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Luhn algorithm variant Context triple: [ISO 6166, checkDigitAlgorithm, Luhn algorithm variant]
-
A.
Berlekamp–Massey algorithm
The Berlekamp–Massey algorithm is a key algorithm in coding theory and cryptography used to efficiently determine the shortest linear feedback shift register that generates a given binary sequence.
-
B.
ISO 10383 MIC database
The ISO 10383 MIC database is an international registry that assigns and maintains standardized Market Identifier Codes (MICs) for securities and derivatives trading venues and related entities worldwide.
-
C.
CRC
CRC is the widely ratified United Nations human rights treaty that sets out the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of all children.
-
D.
Rabin–Karp algorithm
The Rabin–Karp algorithm is a string-searching technique that uses hashing to efficiently find any one of a set of pattern strings in a text.
-
E.
Hamming distance
Hamming distance is a measure in information theory and computer science that counts the number of positions at which corresponding symbols in two equal-length strings differ, widely used in error detection and coding theory.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Luhn algorithm variant Target entity description: The Luhn algorithm variant is a checksum method adapted for validating International Securities Identification Numbers (ISINs) and other financial identifiers under the ISO 6166 standard.
-
A.
Berlekamp–Massey algorithm
The Berlekamp–Massey algorithm is a key algorithm in coding theory and cryptography used to efficiently determine the shortest linear feedback shift register that generates a given binary sequence.
-
B.
ISO 10383 MIC database
The ISO 10383 MIC database is an international registry that assigns and maintains standardized Market Identifier Codes (MICs) for securities and derivatives trading venues and related entities worldwide.
-
C.
CRC
CRC is the widely ratified United Nations human rights treaty that sets out the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of all children.
-
D.
Rabin–Karp algorithm
The Rabin–Karp algorithm is a string-searching technique that uses hashing to efficiently find any one of a set of pattern strings in a text.
-
E.
Hamming distance
Hamming distance is a measure in information theory and computer science that counts the number of positions at which corresponding symbols in two equal-length strings differ, widely used in error detection and coding theory.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (35)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
checksum algorithm
ⓘ
error-detection method ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
12-character ISIN body before check digit
ⓘ
ISIN check digit calculation ⓘ ISIN check digit verification ⓘ |
| basedOn | Luhn algorithm NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| category | financial standard algorithm ⓘ |
| checkDigitCondition | total sum modulo 10 equals 0 for valid ISIN ⓘ |
| compatibleWith | decimal digit systems ⓘ |
| detects |
most adjacent digit transpositions
ⓘ
most single-digit errors ⓘ |
| domain |
financial markets
ⓘ
securities identification ⓘ |
| ensures | basic error detection for ISINs ⓘ |
| goal | reduce data entry and transmission errors in ISINs ⓘ |
| hasConstraint | check digit is last character of 12+1 character ISIN ⓘ |
| hasInput | alphanumeric ISIN without check digit ⓘ |
| hasOutput | single decimal check digit ⓘ |
| notDesignedToDetect | all possible multi-digit errors ⓘ |
| partOf | ISIN assignment and validation process ⓘ |
| relatedStandard | ISO 6166: International securities identification numbering system NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedTo | Luhn mod N generalizations ⓘ |
| standardizedIn | ISO 6166 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| usedBy |
back-office securities processing systems
ⓘ
clearing and settlement systems ⓘ financial data vendors ⓘ securities exchanges ⓘ |
| usedFor |
validation of ISINs
ⓘ
validation of International Securities Identification Numbers ⓘ validation of financial identifiers ⓘ |
| usesCharacterMapping | letters mapped to numeric values A=10 to Z=35 ⓘ |
| usesOperation |
doubling of alternate digits from the right
ⓘ
expansion of alphabetic characters into two digits ⓘ modulo 10 operation ⓘ summation of individual digits ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Luhn algorithm variant Description of subject: The Luhn algorithm variant is a checksum method adapted for validating International Securities Identification Numbers (ISINs) and other financial identifiers under the ISO 6166 standard.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.