Test Baker

E50510

Test Baker was the second underwater nuclear detonation of Operation Crossroads in 1946, conducted at Bikini Atoll to study the effects of nuclear weapons on naval ships and equipment.


Statements (46)
Predicate Object
instanceOf nuclear weapons test
underwater nuclear detonation
associatedProgram early Cold War nuclear testing program of the United States
blastEffect caused severe damage to nearby ships by shock and flooding
generated a large water column and base surge
country United States
date 1946-07-25
detonationDepth about 90 feet
approximately 27 meters
detonationMedium underwater
detonationPosition suspended beneath a landing ship
deviceNickname Helen of Bikini
deviceType plutonium implosion bomb
displacedPopulation contributed to long-term displacement of Bikini Atoll inhabitants
environmentalImpact long-term radioactive contamination of Bikini lagoon sediments
falloutType base surge laden with radioactive water droplets
followedBy Test Charlie
historicalSignificance early demonstration of the radiological hazards of nuclear weapons
influenced later nuclear test safety and decontamination procedures
legalStatus conducted under U.S. military authority at a United Nations Trust Territory
location Bikini Atoll
Marshall Islands
notableConsequence led to scrapping or sinking of many contaminated vessels
made decontamination of many ships impossible
produced severe radioactive contamination of lagoon water and ships
numberOfTargetShips over 90
observation extensively photographed and instrumented for scientific study
operator Manhattan Project personnel
United States Army
United States Navy
partOf Operation Crossroads
precededBy Test Able
purpose to evaluate radiological contamination from an underwater nuclear explosion
to study the effects of nuclear weapons on naval ships and equipment
radiologicalEffect produced intense neutron activation of lagoon water and ship hulls
result heavily contaminated target fleet with radioactive fallout
sank multiple target ships
targetType equipment
naval vessels
testGeometry shallow underwater burst in a lagoon
testNumberInSeries second
testSeriesRole demonstration of radiological warfare potential against naval forces
first underwater nuclear explosion against a fleet of ships
timeAfterAble 24 days
year 1946
yield 23 kilotons of TNT

Referenced by (5)

Please wait…