U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond
E487841
Surgeon General of the United States Army
human
medical reformer
medical researcher
military physician
neurologist
physician
U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond was a 19th-century American military physician and medical reformer who modernized the U.S. Army Medical Department and advanced medical research and standards of care.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5032530 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond Context triple: [National Museum of Health and Medicine, foundedBy, U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond]
-
A.
Major Walter Reed
Major Walter Reed was a U.S. Army physician renowned for leading the team that proved yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes, revolutionizing public health and tropical medicine.
-
B.
Josiah Gorgas
Josiah Gorgas was a Confederate general and chief of ordnance during the American Civil War, instrumental in organizing and supplying the Confederate war effort.
-
C.
Alvan C. Gillem
Alvan C. Gillem was a United States Army officer and Civil War veteran who later led federal troops in campaigns against Native American groups in the West.
-
D.
Laurence K. Marshall
Laurence K. Marshall was an American engineer and entrepreneur best known as a co-founder and early leader of the defense and electronics company Raytheon.
-
E.
George W. Crile
George W. Crile was an influential American surgeon and medical researcher known for pioneering surgical techniques and co-founding major medical institutions and organizations in the early 20th century.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond Target entity description: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond was a 19th-century American military physician and medical reformer who modernized the U.S. Army Medical Department and advanced medical research and standards of care.
-
A.
Major Walter Reed
Major Walter Reed was a U.S. Army physician renowned for leading the team that proved yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes, revolutionizing public health and tropical medicine.
-
B.
Josiah Gorgas
Josiah Gorgas was a Confederate general and chief of ordnance during the American Civil War, instrumental in organizing and supplying the Confederate war effort.
-
C.
Alvan C. Gillem
Alvan C. Gillem was a United States Army officer and Civil War veteran who later led federal troops in campaigns against Native American groups in the West.
-
D.
Laurence K. Marshall
Laurence K. Marshall was an American engineer and entrepreneur best known as a co-founder and early leader of the defense and electronics company Raytheon.
-
E.
George W. Crile
George W. Crile was an influential American surgeon and medical researcher known for pioneering surgical techniques and co-founding major medical institutions and organizations in the early 20th century.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Surgeon General of the United States Army
ⓘ
human ⓘ medical reformer ⓘ medical researcher ⓘ military physician ⓘ neurologist ⓘ physician ⓘ |
| appointedBy | Abraham Lincoln NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| burialPlace | Arlington National Cemetery ⓘ |
| causeOfEndOfMilitaryCareer | court-martial and dismissal from the U.S. Army in 1864 ⓘ |
| conflict | American Civil War ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| dateOfBirth | 1828-08-28 ⓘ |
| dateOfDeath | 1900-01-05 ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
New York University School of Medicine
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
University of the City of New York NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| endTime | 1864-01-31 as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
hygiene and public health
ⓘ
military medicine ⓘ neurology ⓘ psychiatry ⓘ |
| founded | Army Medical Museum NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| influenced | development of American neurology in the late 19th century ⓘ |
| knownFor |
advancing the scientific study of nervous diseases in the United States
ⓘ
establishing the Army Medical Museum ⓘ modernizing the U.S. Army Medical Department during the American Civil War ⓘ promoting systematic medical record-keeping in the U.S. Army ⓘ |
| lateralityOfReputation | later exonerated in public opinion and regarded as a major medical reformer ⓘ |
| memberOf |
American Neurological Association
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
National Academy of Sciences ⓘ |
| militaryBranch | United States Army ⓘ |
| name |
William A. Hammond
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
William Alexander Hammond NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableWork |
A Treatise on Hygiene with Special Reference to the Military Service
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Insanity in Its Relations to Crime NERFINISHED ⓘ Treatise on Diseases of the Nervous System NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| occupation |
medical writer
ⓘ
military officer ⓘ neurologist ⓘ physician ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth | Annapolis, Maryland NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| placeOfDeath | Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| positionHeld |
Professor of Diseases of the Mind and Nervous System at Bellevue Hospital Medical College
ⓘ
Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the University of the City of New York ⓘ Surgeon General of the United States Army NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| precededBy | Clement A. Finley as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ |
| sexOrGender | male ⓘ |
| spouse | Clara Adelaide Hovey NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| startTime | 1862-04-25 as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ |
| succeededBy | Joseph K. Barnes as Surgeon General of the United States Army NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond Description of subject: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond was a 19th-century American military physician and medical reformer who modernized the U.S. Army Medical Department and advanced medical research and standards of care.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.