Treaty 9
E483940
Treaty 9 is a historic agreement signed in 1905–1906 between the Canadian government and several First Nations in northern Ontario, establishing terms for land cession, resource use, and ongoing treaty rights.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Treaty 9 canonical | 6 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4761564 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty 9 Context triple: [Numbered Treaties, hasPart, Treaty 9]
-
A.
Treaty 8
Treaty 8 is a historic agreement signed in 1899 between the Canadian Crown and various First Nations in northern Alberta, northeastern British Columbia, northwestern Saskatchewan, and the southern Northwest Territories, outlining land cession, rights, and obligations.
-
B.
Treaty 6
Treaty 6 is a historic agreement signed in 1876 between the Canadian Crown and various First Nations in what is now central Alberta and Saskatchewan, forming part of Canada’s broader Numbered Treaties framework.
-
C.
Treaty 3
Treaty 3 is a historic agreement signed in 1873 between the Canadian Crown and the Ojibwe (Saulteaux) peoples, covering lands in what are now northwestern Ontario and eastern Manitoba as part of Canada’s Numbered Treaties.
-
D.
Treaty 7
Treaty 7 is an 1877 agreement between several First Nations of what is now southern Alberta and the Canadian government that ceded Indigenous lands in exchange for reserves, annuities, and other promises.
-
E.
Treaty 5
Treaty 5 is one of the historic Numbered Treaties between the Canadian Crown and various First Nations, primarily covering parts of present-day Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Ontario.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty 9 Target entity description: Treaty 9 is a historic agreement signed in 1905–1906 between the Canadian government and several First Nations in northern Ontario, establishing terms for land cession, resource use, and ongoing treaty rights.
-
A.
Treaty 8
Treaty 8 is a historic agreement signed in 1899 between the Canadian Crown and various First Nations in northern Alberta, northeastern British Columbia, northwestern Saskatchewan, and the southern Northwest Territories, outlining land cession, rights, and obligations.
-
B.
Treaty 6
Treaty 6 is a historic agreement signed in 1876 between the Canadian Crown and various First Nations in what is now central Alberta and Saskatchewan, forming part of Canada’s broader Numbered Treaties framework.
-
C.
Treaty 3
Treaty 3 is a historic agreement signed in 1873 between the Canadian Crown and the Ojibwe (Saulteaux) peoples, covering lands in what are now northwestern Ontario and eastern Manitoba as part of Canada’s Numbered Treaties.
-
D.
Treaty 7
Treaty 7 is an 1877 agreement between several First Nations of what is now southern Alberta and the Canadian government that ceded Indigenous lands in exchange for reserves, annuities, and other promises.
-
E.
Treaty 5
Treaty 5 is one of the historic Numbered Treaties between the Canadian Crown and various First Nations, primarily covering parts of present-day Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Ontario.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Historic agreement
ⓘ
Numbered Treaty ⓘ |
| adhesionSigningPeriod |
1908
ⓘ
1929 ⓘ 1930 ⓘ |
| administeredBy |
Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Indigenous Services Canada NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | James Bay Treaty NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| appliesToRegion |
Hudson Bay watershed in Ontario
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
James Bay watershed NERFINISHED ⓘ Northern Ontario NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| containsProvision |
guarantee of continued traditional livelihood
ⓘ
surrender of title to vast tracts of land ⓘ |
| country | Canada ⓘ |
| dateOfRoyalAssent | 1906 ⓘ |
| hasAnnex | Adhesions to Treaty 9 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasEffectOn | Aboriginal and treaty rights in Ontario ⓘ |
| hasOngoingIssue |
claims regarding resource revenue sharing
ⓘ
disputes over interpretation of oral versus written terms ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | Ontario NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| language |
English
ⓘ
French ⓘ |
| languageOfNegotiation | Cree (oral explanations) ⓘ |
| legalSubject |
fishing rights
ⓘ
hunting rights ⓘ land cession ⓘ resource use ⓘ trapping rights ⓘ treaty rights ⓘ |
| negotiatedBy |
Ontario provincial representatives
ⓘ
federal treaty commissioners ⓘ |
| numberInSeries | 9 ⓘ |
| partOf | Numbered Treaties of Canada NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| providesFor |
annuities to First Nations signatories
ⓘ
continued harvesting rights ⓘ education provisions ⓘ reserve lands ⓘ |
| purpose |
to obtain Indigenous consent to Crown sovereignty over northern Ontario lands
ⓘ
to open northern Ontario to settlement and resource development ⓘ |
| recognizedBy | Constitution Act, 1982 section 35 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signatory |
Cree First Nations
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Government of Canada NERFINISHED ⓘ Oji-Cree First Nations NERFINISHED ⓘ Ojibwe First Nations NERFINISHED ⓘ Province of Ontario NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signingEndDate | 1906-07-20 ⓘ |
| signingStartDate | 1905-07-12 ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
Treaty 9 (Ontario) court cases
ⓘ
historical research on oral promises ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Treaty 9 Description of subject: Treaty 9 is a historic agreement signed in 1905–1906 between the Canadian government and several First Nations in northern Ontario, establishing terms for land cession, resource use, and ongoing treaty rights.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.