City Beautiful movement

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architectural reform movement social reform movement urban planning movement

The City Beautiful movement was a late 19th- and early 20th-century urban planning and architectural reform movement in the United States that promoted grand boulevards, monumental public buildings, and beautified civic spaces to inspire moral and social improvement.

Aliases (4)

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	architectural reform movement → social reform movement → urban planning movement →
country	United States →
endTime	early 20th century →
hasCharacteristic	aesthetic unity of public spaces → association of beauty with morality → association with Progressive Era reforms → association with elite and business interests → belief that environment shapes behavior → classical architectural vocabulary → coordination of architecture and landscape architecture → creation of vistas and sightlines → criticism for neglecting social and economic issues → emphasis on cleanliness and order in cities → emphasis on monumental public buildings → emphasis on public monuments → focus on civic centers → focus on civic pride → focus on downtown and civic core rather than entire metropolitan region → formal axial plans → influence of City Improvement Commissions → influence of the City Beautiful ideal on civic identity → influence on later comprehensive planning movements → integration of parks and open spaces → integration of transportation corridors with boulevards → large-scale urban interventions → legacy in surviving civic centers and boulevards in U.S. cities → reliance on public–private partnerships for improvements → symmetrical compositions → top–down planning approach → use of comprehensive civic center plans → use of grand boulevards → use of landscaped parkways → use of neoclassical style →
hasGoal	civic improvement → moral uplift → orderly urban growth → social reform → urban beautification →
influenced	American urban planning → civic center design in the United States → park and boulevard systems in U.S. cities → zoning and city planning practices →
influencedBy	Beaux-Arts architecture → European grand manner planning → World’s Columbian Exposition →
mainRegion	North America →
startTime	late 19th century →

Referenced by (29)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Abbot Kinney ("city beautiful movement") → Cass Gilbert → Charles Follen McKim → Daniel Burnham → Jacques Gréber → Plan of Chicago →	movement
Administration Building of the World’s Columbian Exposition → Beaux-Arts → Daniel Burnham ("City Beautiful movement in the United States") → Plan of Chicago → World’s Columbian Exposition →	influenced
Jacques Gréber ("City Beautiful movement in North America") → Metropolitan Park Commission engineers → Plan of Baguio → Plan of Manila →	influencedBy
Court of the Universe → Henry Bacon → Humboldt Parkway ("city beautiful movement") →	associatedWith
Administration Building (World's Columbian Exposition) → Daniel Burnham →	architecturalMovement
Coral Gables, Florida → Monument Avenue Historic District →	planningConcept
Carrère and Hastings →	associatedWithMovement
Daniel Burnham ("Plan of Washington, D.C. improvements") →	notableWork
Greater Boston parkway system →	planningInfluencedBy
The Exposition Beautiful →	relatedConcept
American Renaissance architecture →	relatedTo
Parkway Museums District →	urbanDesignInfluence
Canberra region (Jervis Bay Territory nearby) →	urbanPlanningInfluence