International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes
E454011
The International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes is a World Health Organization policy framework that sets ethical standards to restrict the promotion of formula and related products in order to protect and promote breastfeeding worldwide.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4580748 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes Context triple: [IBFAN, supportsDocument, International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes]
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A.
Voluntary Guidelines on the Right to Food
The Voluntary Guidelines on the Right to Food are an internationally agreed set of policy recommendations that help governments realize the human right to adequate food through laws, institutions, and programs.
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B.
International Baby Food Action Network
The International Baby Food Action Network is a global coalition of organizations and activists that advocates for breastfeeding and monitors the marketing of infant foods to protect child health and consumer rights.
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C.
Constitution of the World Health Organization
The Constitution of the World Health Organization is the foundational treaty that established the WHO, defining its objectives, governance structure, and powers in global public health.
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D.
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises are a set of government-backed recommendations providing voluntary principles and standards for responsible business conduct by multinational companies in areas such as human rights, labor, environment, and anti-corruption.
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E.
Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health
The Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health is a 2001 WTO ministerial statement affirming that intellectual property rules should not prevent members from protecting public health and ensuring access to affordable medicines.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes Target entity description: The International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes is a World Health Organization policy framework that sets ethical standards to restrict the promotion of formula and related products in order to protect and promote breastfeeding worldwide.
-
A.
Voluntary Guidelines on the Right to Food
The Voluntary Guidelines on the Right to Food are an internationally agreed set of policy recommendations that help governments realize the human right to adequate food through laws, institutions, and programs.
-
B.
International Baby Food Action Network
The International Baby Food Action Network is a global coalition of organizations and activists that advocates for breastfeeding and monitors the marketing of infant foods to protect child health and consumer rights.
-
C.
Constitution of the World Health Organization
The Constitution of the World Health Organization is the foundational treaty that established the WHO, defining its objectives, governance structure, and powers in global public health.
-
D.
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises are a set of government-backed recommendations providing voluntary principles and standards for responsible business conduct by multinational companies in areas such as human rights, labor, environment, and anti-corruption.
-
E.
Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health
The Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health is a 2001 WTO ministerial statement affirming that intellectual property rules should not prevent members from protecting public health and ensuring access to affordable medicines.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
WHO code
ⓘ
international health policy framework ⓘ marketing code of conduct ⓘ |
| adoptedBy | World Health Assembly NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| adoptedThrough | World Health Assembly Resolution 34.22 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| adoptionYear | 1981 ⓘ |
| author | World Health Organization NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| geographicalScope | global ⓘ |
| implementationMechanism |
national legislation
ⓘ
regulations ⓘ voluntary measures by manufacturers and distributors ⓘ |
| influencedBy | concerns about aggressive marketing of infant formula ⓘ |
| issuedBy | World Health Organization Secretariat NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| keyPrinciple |
information to health workers must be scientific and factual
ⓘ
labels must clearly state the superiority of breastfeeding ⓘ labels must include a warning about health hazards of improper use ⓘ no advertising of breast-milk substitutes to the public ⓘ no free samples of breast-milk substitutes to mothers ⓘ no gifts or samples to health workers ⓘ no promotion of breast-milk substitutes in health care facilities ⓘ no use of health care system to promote breast-milk substitutes ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalNature |
non-binding international code
ⓘ
recommendatory ⓘ |
| monitoredBy |
Member States
ⓘ
UNICEF NERFINISHED ⓘ World Health Organization NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| policyArea |
marketing regulation
ⓘ
maternal and child health ⓘ nutrition ⓘ public health ⓘ |
| purpose |
to ensure safe and adequate nutrition for infants
ⓘ
to protect and promote breastfeeding ⓘ to regulate the marketing of breast-milk substitutes ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding NERFINISHED ⓘ Subsequent World Health Assembly resolutions on infant and young child nutrition ⓘ |
| scope |
marketing of breast-milk substitutes
ⓘ
marketing of complementary foods when marketed as breast-milk replacements ⓘ marketing of feeding bottles ⓘ marketing of teats ⓘ |
| targetGroup |
distributors of breast-milk substitutes
ⓘ
health care systems ⓘ health workers ⓘ manufacturers of breast-milk substitutes ⓘ |
| targetPopulation |
infants
ⓘ
mothers of infants and young children ⓘ pregnant women ⓘ young children ⓘ |
| underlyingPrinciple |
breast-milk substitutes should be used only when necessary and appropriately
ⓘ
breastfeeding is the normal and unequalled method of feeding infants ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes Description of subject: The International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes is a World Health Organization policy framework that sets ethical standards to restrict the promotion of formula and related products in order to protect and promote breastfeeding worldwide.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.