MUSCULAR
E453948
MUSCULAR is a formerly secret joint NSA–GCHQ surveillance program that tapped into private data links between major tech companies’ data centers to collect large volumes of user information.
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
signals intelligence operation
ⓘ
surveillance program ⓘ |
| abbreviation | DS-200B ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | DS-200B NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedAgency |
Central Security Service
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
UK Ministry of Defence NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| classification | formerly secret ⓘ |
| codename | MUSCULAR NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| collectionPoint |
international data links
ⓘ
links between data centers outside the United States ⓘ |
| collects |
content data
ⓘ
metadata ⓘ user information ⓘ |
| controversy | warrantless collection of data from private networks ⓘ |
| country |
United Kingdom
ⓘ
United States of America ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dataProcessingLocation |
GCHQ facilities
ⓘ
NSA data centers ⓘ |
| disclosedBy | The Washington Post NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| disclosedIn | 2013 ⓘ |
| field | signals intelligence ⓘ |
| impact |
privacy concerns for users of major tech companies
ⓘ
tension between tech companies and intelligence agencies ⓘ |
| jurisdictionFocus | foreign communications ⓘ |
| leakedBy | Edward Snowden NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| ledTo | increased encryption of data center links by tech companies ⓘ |
| legalBasis | Executive Order 12333 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| method | tapping private data links between data centers ⓘ |
| operator |
Government Communications Headquarters
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
National Security Agency NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| oversight | limited judicial oversight ⓘ |
| purpose |
mass data collection
ⓘ
signals intelligence collection ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
PRISM
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Upstream collection programs ⓘ |
| responseFrom |
Google
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Yahoo NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| scale | large volumes of data ⓘ |
| status | exposed ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
debates on government surveillance and privacy
ⓘ
news reports on mass surveillance ⓘ |
| target |
Google data center links
ⓘ
Yahoo data center links ⓘ private data links between major tech companies’ data centers ⓘ |
| technologyUsed | fiber-optic cable interception ⓘ |
| typeOfAccess | upstream collection ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.