London Clay Formation

E401564

clay formation geologic formation stratigraphic unit

The London Clay Formation is an early Eocene marine clay deposit in southeast England, renowned for its rich fossil content and its importance in shaping the geology and engineering properties of the London area.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
London Clay Formation canonical	6
London Clay	2

Statements (52)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	clay formation ⓘ geologic formation ⓘ stratigraphic unit ⓘ
age	Ypresian ⓘ
color	brown when weathered ⓘ dark bluish-grey when fresh ⓘ
containsFossilsOf	early Eocene birds ⓘ early Eocene flora ⓘ early Eocene mammals ⓘ early Eocene reptiles ⓘ marine invertebrates ⓘ
country	United Kingdom ⓘ
discoveredIn	19th century (formal geological description) ⓘ
documentedBy	British Geological Survey ⓘ
environmentOfDeposition	marine ⓘ shallow marine shelf ⓘ
exposedAt	Bognor Regis coast ⓘ Isle of Sheppey ⓘ Isle of Wight ⓘ Thames estuary cliffs ⓘ
geologicEpoch	Early Eocene ⓘ
geologicPeriod	Eocene ⓘ
hasMember	Bognor Regis Member ⓘ Claygate Member ⓘ Sheppey Member ⓘ Walton Member ⓘ
hasProperty	high plasticity ⓘ low permeability ⓘ susceptible to landslides ⓘ swelling and shrinkage on wetting and drying ⓘ
importantFor	engineering geology of London ⓘ foundation design in southeast England ⓘ tunnelling conditions in London ⓘ
lithology	clay ⓘ mudstone ⓘ sandy clay ⓘ silty clay ⓘ
locatedIn	Hampshire Basin ⓘ London Basin ⓘ southeast England ⓘ
namedFor	London, England ⓘ surface form: London
notableFor	rich fossil content ⓘ vertebrate fossils ⓘ well-preserved insect fossils ⓘ well-preserved plant fossils ⓘ
overlies	Oldhaven Formation ⓘ Reading Formation ⓘ
partOf	Paleogene ⓘ surface form: Paleogene System
thickness	up to about 150 m ⓘ
underlies	Bagshot Formation ⓘ Bracklesham Group ⓘ
usedIn	brickmaking ⓘ

Referenced by (8)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

London Basin → overlainBy → London Clay Formation ⓘ

London Basin → hasRockUnit → London Clay Formation ⓘ

this entity surface form: London Clay

Epping Forest → hasSoilType → London Clay Formation ⓘ

this entity surface form: London Clay

Thames Group → contains → London Clay Formation ⓘ

Reading Formation → underlies → London Clay Formation ⓘ

Bagshot Beds → overlies → London Clay Formation ⓘ

Reading Beds → underlies → London Clay Formation ⓘ

Thanet Sand Formation → underlies → London Clay Formation ⓘ