Guinea worm disease
E395363
Guinea worm disease is a parasitic infection caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, characterized by painful skin blisters from which adult worms emerge, and is the focus of one of the world’s most advanced eradication campaigns.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Guinea worm disease canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3883217 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Guinea worm disease Context triple: [Guinea Worm Eradication Program, targetDisease, Guinea worm disease]
-
A.
Surra
Surra is a residential district in Kuwait City known for its central location and mix of housing, schools, and local services.
-
B.
Onchocerca volvulus
Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic roundworm that causes river blindness (onchocerciasis) in humans, transmitted by the bites of infected blackflies.
-
C.
Brugia malayi
Brugia malayi is a parasitic roundworm that infects humans and causes lymphatic filariasis, a tropical disease characterized by swelling and damage to the lymphatic system.
-
D.
Wuchereria bancrofti
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic filarial nematode that infects the human lymphatic system and is the primary cause of lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) worldwide.
-
E.
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic blood fluke that infects humans and causes intestinal schistosomiasis, a significant neglected tropical disease.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Guinea worm disease Target entity description: Guinea worm disease is a parasitic infection caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, characterized by painful skin blisters from which adult worms emerge, and is the focus of one of the world’s most advanced eradication campaigns.
-
A.
Surra
Surra is a residential district in Kuwait City known for its central location and mix of housing, schools, and local services.
-
B.
Onchocerca volvulus
Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic roundworm that causes river blindness (onchocerciasis) in humans, transmitted by the bites of infected blackflies.
-
C.
Brugia malayi
Brugia malayi is a parasitic roundworm that infects humans and causes lymphatic filariasis, a tropical disease characterized by swelling and damage to the lymphatic system.
-
D.
Wuchereria bancrofti
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic filarial nematode that infects the human lymphatic system and is the primary cause of lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) worldwide.
-
E.
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic blood fluke that infects humans and causes intestinal schistosomiasis, a significant neglected tropical disease.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
neglected tropical disease
ⓘ
parasitic disease ⓘ |
| affects | humans ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | dracunculiasis ⓘ |
| cause | infection by Dracunculus medinensis ⓘ |
| complication |
joint contractures
ⓘ
permanent disability ⓘ secondary bacterial infection ⓘ tetanus ⓘ |
| endemicRegion |
Middle East
ⓘ
surface form:
Middle East (historically)
South Asia ⓘ
surface form:
South Asia (historically)
Sub-Saharan Africa ⓘ
surface form:
sub-Saharan Africa
|
| eradicationProgramLedBy |
Carter Center
ⓘ
surface form:
The Carter Center
|
| eradicationProgramPartner |
UNICEF
ⓘ
World Health Organization ⓘ national ministries of health ⓘ |
| eradicationStatus |
cases reduced by more than 99 percent since 1980s
ⓘ
target of global eradication campaign ⓘ |
| eradicationStrategy |
case containment
ⓘ
community-based surveillance ⓘ health education ⓘ |
| etiologicAgentType |
helminth parasite
ⓘ
nematode ⓘ |
| hasCausativeAgent |
Dracunculus medinensis
ⓘ
Dracunculus medinensis ⓘ
surface form:
Guinea worm
|
| hasIncubationPeriod | approximately 1 year ⓘ |
| hasNoEffective |
curative drug therapy
ⓘ
vaccine ⓘ |
| historicalBurden | millions of cases annually in mid-20th century ⓘ |
| ICDClassification |
ICD
ⓘ
surface form:
ICD-10 B76
|
| lifeCycleStage |
adult worms in subcutaneous tissues
ⓘ
emergent female worm releasing larvae into water ⓘ larvae in copepods ⓘ larvae in human intestine ⓘ |
| modeOfTransmission | waterborne ⓘ |
| prevention |
filtering drinking water
ⓘ
preventing infected persons from entering water sources ⓘ safe drinking water ⓘ treating ponds with larvicides ⓘ |
| primarySymptom |
burning sensation at blister site
ⓘ
emergence of adult worm through skin ⓘ painful skin blister ⓘ severe localized pain ⓘ |
| transmissionRoute | ingestion of water contaminated with infected copepods ⓘ |
| treatment |
mechanical extraction of worm
ⓘ
winding worm around a stick over days to weeks ⓘ wound care and prevention of secondary infection ⓘ |
| typicalSiteOfWormEmergence | lower limbs ⓘ |
| vector |
Cyclops water fleas
ⓘ
copepods ⓘ |
| zoonoticConcern | infections in dogs in some endemic areas ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Guinea worm disease Description of subject: Guinea worm disease is a parasitic infection caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, characterized by painful skin blisters from which adult worms emerge, and is the focus of one of the world’s most advanced eradication campaigns.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.