Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations
E36750
Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations is a major historical and philosophical work by Voltaire that surveys world history to critique religious intolerance and promote Enlightenment ideals.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations canonical | 1 |
| Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T280771 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations Context triple: [Voltaire, notableWork, Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations]
-
A.
The Spirit of the Laws
The Spirit of the Laws is a foundational 1748 political treatise by Montesquieu that systematically analyzes forms of government and famously articulates the doctrine of separation of powers.
-
B.
The Social Contract
The Social Contract is a seminal 1762 political philosophy treatise by Jean-Jacques Rousseau that argues legitimate government is based on a collective agreement formed by the general will of the people.
-
C.
Essays, Moral and Political
Essays, Moral and Political is an early collection of philosophical writings by David Hume that explores topics in ethics, politics, and human nature, helping to establish his reputation as a leading Enlightenment thinker.
-
D.
On Human Nature
On Human Nature is a landmark 1978 book by biologist Edward O. Wilson that explores the biological and evolutionary foundations of human behavior and won the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction.
-
E.
Perpetual Peace
Perpetual Peace is a philosophical essay by Immanuel Kant that outlines a framework of political and legal principles aimed at achieving lasting peace between nations.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations Target entity description: Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations is a major historical and philosophical work by Voltaire that surveys world history to critique religious intolerance and promote Enlightenment ideals.
-
A.
The Spirit of the Laws
The Spirit of the Laws is a foundational 1748 political treatise by Montesquieu that systematically analyzes forms of government and famously articulates the doctrine of separation of powers.
-
B.
The Social Contract
The Social Contract is a seminal 1762 political philosophy treatise by Jean-Jacques Rousseau that argues legitimate government is based on a collective agreement formed by the general will of the people.
-
C.
Essays, Moral and Political
Essays, Moral and Political is an early collection of philosophical writings by David Hume that explores topics in ethics, politics, and human nature, helping to establish his reputation as a leading Enlightenment thinker.
-
D.
On Human Nature
On Human Nature is a landmark 1978 book by biologist Edward O. Wilson that explores the biological and evolutionary foundations of human behavior and won the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction.
-
E.
Perpetual Peace
Perpetual Peace is a philosophical essay by Immanuel Kant that outlines a framework of political and legal principles aimed at achieving lasting peace between nations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
book
ⓘ
historical work ⓘ philosophical work ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
combat religious prejudice
ⓘ
demonstrate the progress of human reason ⓘ |
| author | Voltaire ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | France ⓘ |
| criticizes |
clerical power
ⓘ
intolerance ⓘ religious fanaticism ⓘ |
| genre |
Enlightenment literature
ⓘ
history ⓘ philosophy ⓘ |
| hasPerspective |
critical of organized religion
ⓘ
progressivist view of history ⓘ |
| influenced |
Enlightenment historiography
ⓘ
modern philosophy of history ⓘ |
| influencedBy |
Deism
ⓘ
rationalism ⓘ |
| mainTheme |
Enlightenment ideals
ⓘ
comparative religion ⓘ critique of religious intolerance ⓘ critique of superstition ⓘ progress of civilization ⓘ world history ⓘ |
| notableFor |
critique of Eurocentrism
ⓘ
global approach to history ⓘ secular interpretation of history ⓘ |
| originalLanguage | French ⓘ |
| periodCovered |
ancient history
ⓘ
early modern history ⓘ medieval history ⓘ |
| philosophicalMovement |
Age of Enlightenment
ⓘ
surface form:
Enlightenment
|
| philosophicalSubject |
history of civilization
ⓘ
morality ⓘ religion ⓘ |
| relatedWork |
Candide
ⓘ
Traité sur la tolérance ⓘ |
| supports |
reason
ⓘ
secularism ⓘ toleration ⓘ universal history perspective ⓘ |
| surveys |
Asian history
ⓘ
European history ⓘ Middle Eastern history ⓘ pre-Columbian American civilizations ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations Description of subject: Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations is a major historical and philosophical work by Voltaire that surveys world history to critique religious intolerance and promote Enlightenment ideals.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
History of Charles XII
this entity surface form:
Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations