Rule 414
E354856
Rule 414 is a provision in the U.S. Federal Rules of Evidence that governs the admissibility of evidence of a defendant’s prior child molestation offenses in criminal cases involving similar charges.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Rule 414 canonical | 2 |
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
provision of the Federal Rules of Evidence
ⓘ
rule of evidence ⓘ |
| allows | introduction of evidence of a defendant’s prior child molestation offenses ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
child molestation cases
ⓘ
criminal cases ⓘ evidence offered by the defendant ⓘ evidence offered by the prosecution ⓘ |
| appliesWhen | defendant is charged with a federal child molestation offense ⓘ |
| category |
rules of evidence for the federal courts
ⓘ
surface form:
United States evidence law
Criminal Procedure Rules ⓘ
surface form:
criminal procedure rules
|
| codifiedIn |
rules of evidence for the federal courts
ⓘ
surface form:
Title 28 of the United States Code Appendix (Federal Rules of Evidence)
|
| concerns | evidence of similar crimes in child molestation cases ⓘ |
| controversial | true ⓘ |
| createsExceptionTo | general prohibition on propensity evidence ⓘ |
| criticizedFor | increasing risk of unfair prejudice to defendants ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom | Rule 404(b) ⓘ |
| effectiveFrom | 1995 ⓘ |
| enactedAsPartOf | Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 ⓘ |
| enactedBy | United States Congress ⓘ |
| focusesOn | sexual misconduct involving minors ⓘ |
| governs | admissibility of evidence of prior child molestation offenses ⓘ |
| interpretedBy |
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ
surface form:
United States Courts of Appeals
United States district courts ⓘ
surface form:
United States District Courts
|
| jurisdiction |
U.S. federal courts
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal courts
|
| legalSystem | common law–influenced U.S. federal legal system ⓘ |
| limitedBy |
Rule 403 exclusion for unfair prejudice
ⓘ
constitutional due process requirements ⓘ |
| modeledWith | similar structure to Rule 413 ⓘ |
| noticeRequirement | prosecutor must disclose evidence of prior child molestation offenses in advance of trial ⓘ |
| partOf |
rules of evidence for the federal courts
ⓘ
surface form:
Federal Rules of Evidence
|
| permits | use of prior acts regardless of whether they resulted in a conviction ⓘ |
| policyRationale | belief that prior child molestation is highly probative of current charges ⓘ |
| purpose | to allow juries to consider a defendant’s history of child molestation in assessing current charges ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Rule 413
ⓘ
Rule 415 ⓘ |
| requires |
reasonable notice to the defendant of intent to use such evidence
ⓘ
that the defendant be accused of child molestation in the current case ⓘ that the proffered evidence involve another offense of child molestation ⓘ |
| scope | federal criminal prosecutions involving child molestation ⓘ |
| subject |
character evidence
ⓘ
propensity evidence ⓘ |
| subjectTo | Rule 403 balancing test ⓘ |
| supportedFor | enhancing prosecution of repeat child molesters ⓘ |
| textBegins | "In a criminal case in which a defendant is accused of child molestation, the court may admit evidence that the defendant committed any other child molestation." ⓘ |
| typeOfEvidence | substantive evidence of prior bad acts ⓘ |
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.