Grätzel cell
E269063
A Grätzel cell is a dye-sensitized solar cell that mimics photosynthesis to convert light into electricity using organic dyes and nanostructured materials.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Grätzel cell canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2453288 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Grätzel cell Context triple: [Michael Grätzel, knownFor, Grätzel cell]
-
A.
Shockley–Queisser limit
The Shockley–Queisser limit is a theoretical maximum efficiency for single-junction solar cells, defining the upper bound on how much sunlight can be converted into electricity under standard conditions.
-
B.
Nernst–Lamp
The Nernst–Lamp is an early type of electric lamp that used a heated ceramic rod as a light-emitting element and played a significant role in the development of incandescent lighting technology.
-
C.
DuPont Tedlar
DuPont Tedlar is a durable polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film widely used for protective and decorative surface applications in industries such as construction, photovoltaics, and transportation.
-
D.
Esaki diode
The Esaki diode is a heavily doped semiconductor tunnel diode that exhibits negative differential resistance, enabling high-speed and microwave-frequency electronic applications.
-
E.
Voltaic pile
The Voltaic pile is the first chemical battery, invented by Alessandro Volta, which provided a continuous and reliable source of electric current and laid the foundation for modern electrochemistry and electrical engineering.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Grätzel cell Target entity description: A Grätzel cell is a dye-sensitized solar cell that mimics photosynthesis to convert light into electricity using organic dyes and nanostructured materials.
-
A.
Shockley–Queisser limit
The Shockley–Queisser limit is a theoretical maximum efficiency for single-junction solar cells, defining the upper bound on how much sunlight can be converted into electricity under standard conditions.
-
B.
Nernst–Lamp
The Nernst–Lamp is an early type of electric lamp that used a heated ceramic rod as a light-emitting element and played a significant role in the development of incandescent lighting technology.
-
C.
DuPont Tedlar
DuPont Tedlar is a durable polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film widely used for protective and decorative surface applications in industries such as construction, photovoltaics, and transportation.
-
D.
Esaki diode
The Esaki diode is a heavily doped semiconductor tunnel diode that exhibits negative differential resistance, enabling high-speed and microwave-frequency electronic applications.
-
E.
Voltaic pile
The Voltaic pile is the first chemical battery, invented by Alessandro Volta, which provided a continuous and reliable source of electric current and laid the foundation for modern electrochemistry and electrical engineering.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
dye-sensitized solar cell
ⓘ
photovoltaic device ⓘ solar cell ⓘ |
| advantage |
flexible substrate compatibility
ⓘ
good performance under diffuse light ⓘ good performance under indoor light ⓘ low manufacturing cost potential ⓘ semi-transparency ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
DSC
ⓘ
DSSC ⓘ dye-sensitized solar cell ⓘ |
| application |
building-integrated photovoltaics
ⓘ
indoor energy harvesting ⓘ powering portable electronics ⓘ semi-transparent solar windows ⓘ |
| belongsToField |
nanotechnology
ⓘ
photovoltaics ⓘ renewable energy ⓘ |
| chargeTransportMedium | liquid electrolyte ⓘ |
| converts | light into electricity ⓘ |
| developedBy | Michael Grätzel ⓘ |
| developmentPeriod | early 1990s ⓘ |
| hasVariant |
quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell
ⓘ
solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell ⓘ |
| inspiredBy | natural photosynthetic processes ⓘ |
| keyComponent |
mesoporous TiO2 layer
ⓘ
platinum-coated counter electrode ⓘ redox electrolyte ⓘ sensitizing dye monolayer ⓘ |
| limitation |
liquid electrolyte stability issues
ⓘ
long-term durability challenges ⓘ lower efficiency than crystalline silicon cells ⓘ |
| mimics | photosynthesis ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Michael Grätzel ⓘ |
| operatesBy |
electron injection into semiconductor conduction band
ⓘ
photoexcitation of dye molecules ⓘ redox regeneration of dye by electrolyte ⓘ |
| photoactiveLayerType | dye monolayer on nanocrystalline semiconductor ⓘ |
| typicalDyeType |
organic dye
ⓘ
ruthenium-based dye ⓘ |
| typicalElectrolyte | iodide/triiodide redox couple ⓘ |
| typicalSemiconductorMaterial | titanium dioxide ⓘ |
| uses |
counter electrode
ⓘ
electrolyte ⓘ nanocrystalline semiconductor film ⓘ nanostructured materials ⓘ organic dyes ⓘ transparent conducting substrate ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Grätzel cell Description of subject: A Grätzel cell is a dye-sensitized solar cell that mimics photosynthesis to convert light into electricity using organic dyes and nanostructured materials.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.