Zero Degree Calorimeters
E25426
Zero Degree Calorimeters are specialized forward detectors used in high-energy nuclear physics experiments to measure neutral particles emitted close to the beam direction, aiding in event characterization and centrality determination.
Observed surface forms (1)
| Surface form | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Zero Degree Calorimeter | 1 |
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
calorimeter
ⓘ
forward detector ⓘ particle detector ⓘ |
| dataUsedFor |
background rejection
ⓘ
beam–gas interaction studies ⓘ centrality calibration ⓘ ultra-peripheral collision studies ⓘ |
| designConstraint | limited space in the accelerator tunnel near the beamline ⓘ |
| function |
centrality determination in heavy-ion collisions
ⓘ
event characterization ⓘ luminosity monitoring (in some experiments) ⓘ measurement of spectator nucleons ⓘ triggering on collision events ⓘ |
| helpsDetermine |
collision centrality classes
ⓘ
event plane orientation (in some analyses) ⓘ impact parameter of heavy-ion collisions ⓘ |
| installedAt |
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
ⓘ
surface form:
BNL RHIC experiments
CERN experiments ⓘ Large Hadron Collider ⓘ
surface form:
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ⓘ
surface form:
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
|
| locatedAt |
very small polar angles with respect to the beam
ⓘ
zero-degree region relative to the beam axis ⓘ |
| measures |
energy of neutral spectators
ⓘ
event-by-event fluctuations in spectator energy ⓘ forward neutrons ⓘ neutral particles ⓘ photons near beam direction ⓘ |
| optimizedFor |
detection of particles at very small angles
ⓘ
operation in high particle flux environments ⓘ |
| partOf | forward detector systems at colliders ⓘ |
| position |
behind the accelerator beamline magnets (in many setups)
ⓘ
downstream of the interaction point ⓘ |
| property |
compact design
ⓘ
fast timing response ⓘ high radiation tolerance ⓘ |
| readout |
fast front-end electronics
ⓘ
photomultiplier tubes (in many designs) ⓘ |
| requires |
precise alignment with the beam axis
ⓘ
radiation-hard materials ⓘ |
| sensitiveTo |
electromagnetic showers from photons
ⓘ
neutral hadrons ⓘ |
| technology |
Cherenkov calorimeter (in some implementations)
ⓘ
sampling calorimeter ⓘ tungsten–quartz fiber structure (in some implementations) ⓘ |
| usedBy |
A Large Ion Collider Experiment
ⓘ
surface form:
ALICE experiment at the LHC
ATLAS ⓘ
surface form:
ATLAS experiment at the LHC
CMS experiment ⓘ
surface form:
CMS experiment at the LHC (forward systems)
RHIC experiments such as PHENIX and STAR ⓘ |
| usedIn | high-energy nuclear physics experiments ⓘ |
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Zero Degree Calorimeter