Q-balls
E24266
dark matter candidate
hypothetical particle-like object
non-topological soliton
theoretical construct in quantum field theory
Q-balls are hypothetical, stable, non-topological solitons predicted in certain quantum field theories, often considered as exotic candidates for dark matter or new physics beyond the Standard Model.
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
dark matter candidate
ⓘ
hypothetical particle-like object ⓘ non-topological soliton ⓘ theoretical construct in quantum field theory ⓘ |
| canBeProducedIn |
early Universe phase transitions
ⓘ
fragmentation of scalar condensates ⓘ non-equilibrium dynamics after inflation ⓘ |
| canDecayInto |
fermions carrying same global charge
ⓘ
standard model particles in unstable scenarios ⓘ |
| consideredAs |
candidate for new physics beyond the Standard Model
ⓘ
exotic dark matter candidate ⓘ |
| hasProperty |
arise from attractive self-interactions of scalar fields
ⓘ
can be absolutely stable in some models ⓘ can be energetically favored over free quanta ⓘ can be long-lived ⓘ can be macroscopically large ⓘ can be metastable in some models ⓘ can have large quantum number Q ⓘ can have thick-wall regime ⓘ can have thin-wall regime ⓘ carry scalar field charge ⓘ classically stable ⓘ conserved global charge ⓘ localized field configuration ⓘ minimize energy at fixed global charge ⓘ non-topological ⓘ time-dependent phase ⓘ |
| mathematicalDescription | nonlinear solutions of scalar field equations with global symmetry ⓘ |
| mayContributeTo |
baryon asymmetry of the Universe in some models
ⓘ
cosmological dark matter density ⓘ |
| predictedIn |
Affleck–Dine baryogenesis scenarios
ⓘ
certain relativistic quantum field theories ⓘ supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model ⓘ theories with complex scalar fields ⓘ theories with global U(1) symmetry ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Affleck–Dine condensate fragmentation
ⓘ
baryogenesis ⓘ baryon number carrying objects in some models ⓘ dark matter phenomenology ⓘ early Universe cosmology ⓘ global charge conservation ⓘ lepton number carrying objects in some models ⓘ non-topological soliton solutions of scalar field equations ⓘ |
| searchesVia |
astrophysical constraints
ⓘ
direct detection experiments for exotic massive particles ⓘ indirect detection through decay products ⓘ |
| stabilityCondition |
energy per unit charge less than mass of corresponding free particle
ⓘ
existence of suitable scalar potential with attractive self-interactions ⓘ |
| theoreticalOrigin | minimization of energy functional at fixed conserved charge ⓘ |
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.