Byzantine Empire (as ally during 1453 siege)

Target entity: Byzantine Empire (as ally during 1453 siege)
Context triple: [Giovanni Giustiniani, militaryAllegiance, Byzantine Empire (as ally during 1453 siege)]

• A. Siege of Constantinople (1394–1402)
  The Siege of Constantinople (1394–1402) was a prolonged Ottoman blockade of the Byzantine capital under Sultan Bayezid I that nearly brought the weakened empire to collapse before being lifted due to Timur’s invasion of Anatolia.
• B. Byzantine conquest of 1018
  The Byzantine conquest of 1018 was the campaign by Emperor Basil II that ended the independence of the First Bulgarian Empire and incorporated its territories into the Byzantine Empire.
• C. Empire of Nicaea
  The Empire of Nicaea was a Byzantine Greek successor state founded after the Fourth Crusade that became the principal center of Byzantine resistance and ultimately restored the Byzantine Empire by recapturing Constantinople in 1261.
• D. Siege of Constantinople 1422
  The Siege of Constantinople in 1422 was an unsuccessful Ottoman attempt under Sultan Murad II to capture the Byzantine capital three decades before its eventual fall in 1453.
• E. Sack of Constantinople in 1204
  The Sack of Constantinople in 1204 was a devastating capture and plunder of the Byzantine capital by Western European Crusaders, which fatally weakened the Byzantine Empire and reshaped the political and religious landscape of the Eastern Mediterranean.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: Byzantine Empire (as ally during 1453 siege)
Target entity description: The Byzantine Empire during the 1453 siege was the embattled Eastern Roman state centered on Constantinople, desperately defending its capital against the Ottoman forces in the final days of its existence.

• A. Siege of Constantinople (1394–1402)
  The Siege of Constantinople (1394–1402) was a prolonged Ottoman blockade of the Byzantine capital under Sultan Bayezid I that nearly brought the weakened empire to collapse before being lifted due to Timur’s invasion of Anatolia.
• B. Byzantine conquest of 1018
  The Byzantine conquest of 1018 was the campaign by Emperor Basil II that ended the independence of the First Bulgarian Empire and incorporated its territories into the Byzantine Empire.
• C. Empire of Nicaea
  The Empire of Nicaea was a Byzantine Greek successor state founded after the Fourth Crusade that became the principal center of Byzantine resistance and ultimately restored the Byzantine Empire by recapturing Constantinople in 1261.
• D. Siege of Constantinople 1422
  The Siege of Constantinople in 1422 was an unsuccessful Ottoman attempt under Sultan Murad II to capture the Byzantine capital three decades before its eventual fall in 1453.
• E. Sack of Constantinople in 1204
  The Sack of Constantinople in 1204 was a devastating capture and plunder of the Byzantine capital by Western European Crusaders, which fatally weakened the Byzantine Empire and reshaped the political and religious landscape of the Eastern Mediterranean.
• F. None of above. chosen