Specific Area Message Encoding
E22072
Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) is a digital protocol used in U.S. emergency alerting systems to target warnings to specific geographic areas and types of hazards.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Specific Area Message Encoding canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T175973 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Specific Area Message Encoding Context triple: [NOAA Weather Radio, usesTechnology, Specific Area Message Encoding]
-
A.
Arecibo message
The Arecibo message is a 1974 interstellar radio transmission sent from the Arecibo Observatory toward a distant star cluster, encoding basic information about humanity and Earth in a binary pictorial format.
-
B.
Black Codes
The Black Codes were restrictive laws enacted in the post–Civil War American South to control and limit the rights and freedoms of newly emancipated African Americans.
-
C.
Beacon
Beacon is a small Hudson River city in New York State known for its vibrant arts scene, historic industrial roots, and the contemporary art museum Dia Beacon.
-
D.
ISM Code
The ISM Code is an international safety management standard for the safe operation of ships and pollution prevention, mandating structured safety management systems for shipping companies and vessels.
-
E.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems is Claude Shannon’s foundational paper that established the mathematical basis of modern cryptography and information-theoretic security.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Specific Area Message Encoding Target entity description: Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) is a digital protocol used in U.S. emergency alerting systems to target warnings to specific geographic areas and types of hazards.
-
A.
Arecibo message
The Arecibo message is a 1974 interstellar radio transmission sent from the Arecibo Observatory toward a distant star cluster, encoding basic information about humanity and Earth in a binary pictorial format.
-
B.
Black Codes
The Black Codes were restrictive laws enacted in the post–Civil War American South to control and limit the rights and freedoms of newly emancipated African Americans.
-
C.
Beacon
Beacon is a small Hudson River city in New York State known for its vibrant arts scene, historic industrial roots, and the contemporary art museum Dia Beacon.
-
D.
ISM Code
The ISM Code is an international safety management standard for the safe operation of ships and pollution prevention, mandating structured safety management systems for shipping companies and vessels.
-
E.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems is Claude Shannon’s foundational paper that established the mathematical basis of modern cryptography and information-theoretic security.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
digital protocol
ⓘ
emergency alerting protocol ⓘ |
| abbreviation | SAME ⓘ |
| adoptedFor | nationwide Emergency Alert System in 1997 ⓘ |
| appliesTo | geographic areas identified by FIPS codes ⓘ |
| componentOf |
NOAA weather radio network
ⓘ
surface form:
NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards
United States public warning system ⓘ |
| countryOfUse |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| developedBy |
Federal Communications Commission
ⓘ
National Weather Service ⓘ |
| encodes |
alert duration
ⓘ
alert originator ⓘ date and time information ⓘ event or hazard type ⓘ geographic location ⓘ message ID ⓘ |
| governs |
automatic activation of EAS equipment
ⓘ
automatic activation of NOAA Weather Radio receivers ⓘ |
| hasFormatElement |
attention signal
ⓘ
audio message ⓘ end-of-message code ⓘ header codes ⓘ preamble ⓘ |
| introducedInDecade | 1980s ⓘ |
| modulation | audio FSK at 520.83 baud ⓘ |
| purpose |
automate activation of alert receivers
ⓘ
encode hazard type in emergency alerts ⓘ reduce over-alerting outside affected areas ⓘ target emergency warnings to specific geographic areas ⓘ |
| regulates | how EAS participants encode alerts ⓘ |
| relatedStandard |
United States Census Bureau designated areas
ⓘ
surface form:
Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) codes for areas
|
| signalType | audio frequency-shift keying ⓘ |
| standardizedBy |
Federal Communications Commission
ⓘ
National Weather Service ⓘ |
| supports |
automatic alert receiver activation
ⓘ
selective alerting by county ⓘ selective alerting by forecast zone ⓘ selective alerting by independent city ⓘ selective alerting by marine zone ⓘ |
| usedFor |
AMBER Alerts distribution via EAS
ⓘ
civil emergency messages ⓘ evacuation notices ⓘ shelter-in-place warnings ⓘ weather warnings ⓘ |
| usedIn |
Emergency Alert System in the United States
ⓘ
surface form:
Emergency Alert System
NOAA weather radio network ⓘ
surface form:
NOAA Weather Radio
National Weather Service alerting ⓘ local emergency alerting systems ⓘ |
| usesFrequency | 520.83 baud mark and space tones ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Specific Area Message Encoding Description of subject: Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) is a digital protocol used in U.S. emergency alerting systems to target warnings to specific geographic areas and types of hazards.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
NOAA Weather Radio
subject surface form:
Emergency Alert System (United States)