Black September Organization

E208867

Palestinian militant organization terrorist organization

The Black September Organization was a Palestinian militant group best known for carrying out the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre and other high-profile international terrorist attacks in the early 1970s.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Disambiguation Statements Elicitation Referenced by

All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Black September Organization canonical	3
Palestinian militant group Black September	2
Palestinian terrorist group Black September	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1859782 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Black September Organization
Context triple: [Jordanian–Palestinian conflict, relatedOrganization, Black September Organization]

A. Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades
Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades is a Palestinian militant organization associated with Fatah, known for carrying out armed attacks and suicide bombings primarily against Israeli targets in the early 2000s.
B. Shuhada Organization
Shuhada Organization is an Afghan non-governmental organization focused on providing healthcare, education, and human rights support, particularly for women and marginalized communities.
C. Palestinian Liberation Army
The Palestinian Liberation Army is a military organization formed as the regular armed force associated with the Palestine Liberation Organization, historically composed of Palestinian units based in several Arab countries.
D. Arab Liberation Front
The Arab Liberation Front is a Palestinian Ba'athist political and militant organization historically aligned with Iraq and active within the broader Palestinian national movement.
E. Palestinian Liberation Front
The Palestinian Liberation Front is a Palestinian nationalist militant organization known for its armed struggle and involvement in the broader Palestinian liberation movement.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Black September Organization
Target entity description: The Black September Organization was a Palestinian militant group best known for carrying out the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre and other high-profile international terrorist attacks in the early 1970s.

A. Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades
Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades is a Palestinian militant organization associated with Fatah, known for carrying out armed attacks and suicide bombings primarily against Israeli targets in the early 2000s.
B. Shuhada Organization
Shuhada Organization is an Afghan non-governmental organization focused on providing healthcare, education, and human rights support, particularly for women and marginalized communities.
C. Palestinian Liberation Army
The Palestinian Liberation Army is a military organization formed as the regular armed force associated with the Palestine Liberation Organization, historically composed of Palestinian units based in several Arab countries.
D. Arab Liberation Front
The Arab Liberation Front is a Palestinian Ba'athist political and militant organization historically aligned with Iraq and active within the broader Palestinian national movement.
E. Palestinian Liberation Front
The Palestinian Liberation Front is a Palestinian nationalist militant organization known for its armed struggle and involvement in the broader Palestinian liberation movement.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (48)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Palestinian militant organization ⓘ terrorist organization ⓘ
activeFrom	1970 ⓘ
activeUntil	mid-1970s ⓘ
classifiedAs	terrorist group by Israel ⓘ terrorist group by United States ⓘ terrorist group by West Germany ⓘ
countryOfOrigin	Jordan ⓘ
dissolved	mid-1970s ⓘ
hasAlternativeName	BSO ⓘ Black September ⓘ
hasNotableMember	Abu Daoud ⓘ Abu Iyad ⓘ Ali Hassan Salameh ⓘ Luttif Afif ⓘ Mohammad Daoud Oudeh ⓘ
hasParentOrganization	Fatah ⓘ
ideology	Arab nationalism ⓘ Palestinian nationalism ⓘ
linkedTo	Fatah ⓘ surface form: Fatah intelligence apparatus Palestine Liberation Organization ⓘ
motive	advocacy for Palestinian self-determination ⓘ retaliation for Black September crackdown in Jordan ⓘ
namedAfter	Black September conflict ⓘ Black September in Jordan ⓘ
notableAttack	1972 Munich massacre ⓘ 1973 Khartoum diplomatic hostage crisis ⓘ Munich massacre ⓘ surface form: Munich Olympics massacre assassination of Wasfi al-Tal ⓘ attempted assassination of King Hussein of Jordan ⓘ attempted assassination of Zaid al-Rifai ⓘ kidnapping of Western diplomats in Khartoum ⓘ
operationalRegion	Europe ⓘ Jordan ⓘ Lebanon ⓘ Middle East ⓘ West Germany ⓘ
opposedBy	Israel ⓘ Jordan ⓘ PLO leadership ⓘ United Kingdom ⓘ United States of America ⓘ surface form: United States West Germany ⓘ
partOf	Palestinian fedayeen movement ⓘ
usedTactic	aircraft hijacking ⓘ assassination ⓘ bombing ⓘ hostage-taking ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (6)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Jordanian–Palestinian conflict → relatedOrganization → Black September Organization ⓘ

Munich massacre → perpetrator → Black September Organization ⓘ

this entity surface form: Palestinian militant group Black September

Salah Khalaf → associatedWith → Black September Organization ⓘ

Wasfi al-Tal → killedBy → Black September Organization ⓘ

Fürstenfeldbruck Air Base → hasNotableAssociation → Black September Organization ⓘ

this entity surface form: Palestinian terrorist group Black September

documentary "One Day in September" (1999) → subject → Black September Organization ⓘ

subject surface form: One Day in September