Ruqʿah script

E10373

Arabic script style handwriting style

Ruqʿah script is a simple, highly legible Arabic handwriting style commonly used for everyday writing and official documents in the Arab world.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Disambiguation Statements Elicitation Referenced by

All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
Ruqʿah script canonical	3
Tawqi script	2
Riqāʿ script	1
Riq‘a script	1
Sudani script	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T66766 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Ruqʿah script
Context triple: [Arabic, hasCalligraphicStyle, Ruqʿah script]

A. Diwani script
Diwani script is an ornate Ottoman-era style of Arabic calligraphy characterized by its intricate, flowing lines and dense, decorative composition often used in royal decrees and official documents.
B. Kufic script
Kufic script is the oldest extant form of Arabic calligraphy, characterized by its angular, geometric letterforms and prominent use in early Qur’anic manuscripts and architectural inscriptions.
C. Naskh script
Naskh script is a widely used, highly legible style of Arabic calligraphy commonly employed in printed texts, books, and everyday writing.
D. Perso-Arabic script
The Perso-Arabic script is a modified form of the Arabic writing system, expanded with additional letters and conventions to represent the sounds of Persian and several other languages across the Middle East and South Asia.
E. Thuluth script
Thuluth script is a large, elegant, and highly cursive style of Arabic calligraphy traditionally used for architectural inscriptions, Qur’anic headings, and decorative works.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Ruqʿah script
Target entity description: Ruqʿah script is a simple, highly legible Arabic handwriting style commonly used for everyday writing and official documents in the Arab world.

A. Diwani script
Diwani script is an ornate Ottoman-era style of Arabic calligraphy characterized by its intricate, flowing lines and dense, decorative composition often used in royal decrees and official documents.
B. Kufic script
Kufic script is the oldest extant form of Arabic calligraphy, characterized by its angular, geometric letterforms and prominent use in early Qur’anic manuscripts and architectural inscriptions.
C. Naskh script
Naskh script is a widely used, highly legible style of Arabic calligraphy commonly employed in printed texts, books, and everyday writing.
D. Perso-Arabic script
The Perso-Arabic script is a modified form of the Arabic writing system, expanded with additional letters and conventions to represent the sounds of Persian and several other languages across the Middle East and South Asia.
E. Thuluth script
Thuluth script is a large, elegant, and highly cursive style of Arabic calligraphy traditionally used for architectural inscriptions, Qur’anic headings, and decorative works.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Arabic script style ⓘ handwriting style ⓘ
application	blackboard writing ⓘ handwritten signage ⓘ quick drafting of texts ⓘ
characteristic	compact appearance ⓘ high legibility ⓘ letters generally do not extend far above or below the line ⓘ minimal ornamentation ⓘ rapid writing ⓘ short vertical strokes ⓘ simple letterforms ⓘ straight lines ⓘ uniform letter size ⓘ
comparedTo	faster to write than Naskh script ⓘ less decorative than Thuluth script ⓘ simpler than Naskh script ⓘ
complexity	low ⓘ
distinctFrom	Diwani script ⓘ Kufic script ⓘ Naskh script ⓘ Thuluth script ⓘ
goalOfInstruction	to develop fast and legible handwriting ⓘ
language	Arabic ⓘ
legibility	high ⓘ
medium	pen-and-paper handwriting ⓘ whiteboard and blackboard writing ⓘ
notableFeature	diacritical marks often omitted in everyday use ⓘ distinct forms for letters in medial and final positions ⓘ letters usually written on or slightly above the baseline ⓘ rounded forms combined with straight strokes ⓘ
primaryUse	everyday handwriting ⓘ informal notes ⓘ official documents ⓘ
region	Arab world ⓘ
scriptFamily	Arabic ⓘ
scriptType	cursive script ⓘ
status	dominant everyday handwriting style in much of the Arab world ⓘ
taughtIn	primary schools in many Arab countries ⓘ secondary schools in many Arab countries ⓘ
usageContext	administrative writing ⓘ forms and applications ⓘ note-taking ⓘ personal correspondence ⓘ school handwriting in many Arab countries ⓘ
usesAlphabet	Arabic alphabet ⓘ
writingDirection	right-to-left ⓘ
writingSpeed	high ⓘ
writingSystem	Arabic script ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (8)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Arabic → hasCalligraphicStyle → Ruqʿah script ⓘ

Naskh script → comparedWith → Ruqʿah script ⓘ

Ibn Muqla → style → Ruqʿah script ⓘ

this entity surface form: Tawqi script

Ibn Muqla → style → Ruqʿah script ⓘ

this entity surface form: Riq‘a script

Maghribi script → subtype → Ruqʿah script ⓘ

this entity surface form: Sudani script

Taliq script → distinctFrom → Ruqʿah script ⓘ

development of the six classical scripts (al-aqlam al-sitta) → hasPart → Ruqʿah script ⓘ