Lewis superacids

E1029285

Lewis acids class of chemical compounds

Lewis superacids are exceptionally strong Lewis acids capable of accepting electron pairs more readily than conventional Lewis acids, often used to activate very weak bases and promote challenging chemical transformations.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
Lewis superacids canonical	1
collaborative research with George A. Olah	1

Statements (57)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Lewis acids ⓘ class of chemical compounds ⓘ
comparedTo	conventional Lewis acids ⓘ
example	Al(C6F5)3 ⓘ Al(OC(CF3)3)3 ⓘ B(C6F5)3 NERFINISHED ⓘ Ga(C6F5)3 ⓘ SbF5 in appropriate media ⓘ carborane‑stabilized cations such as [H(CB11Cl11)] ⓘ mixed metal–halide systems such as HF–SbF5 superacidic mixtures ⓘ silylium ion salts such as [R3Si]+ stabilized by weakly coordinating anions ⓘ
fieldOfStudy	catalysis ⓘ inorganic chemistry ⓘ organometallic chemistry ⓘ physical organic chemistry ⓘ
hasCharacteristic	can accept electron pairs more readily than conventional Lewis acids ⓘ can activate very weak Lewis bases ⓘ can promote challenging chemical transformations ⓘ exceptionally strong electron‑pair acceptors ⓘ often contain strongly electron‑withdrawing substituents ⓘ often exhibit very high fluoride ion affinity ⓘ often exhibit very high hydride ion affinity ⓘ often exhibit very high oxide ion affinity ⓘ often form strong adducts with Lewis bases ⓘ often have highly electron‑deficient central atoms ⓘ often highly oxophilic or fluorophilic ⓘ often lack available protons and are not Brønsted acids ⓘ often moisture sensitive ⓘ often require non‑nucleophilic solvents ⓘ often require rigorously anhydrous conditions ⓘ often thermally sensitive ⓘ
hasDefinition	Lewis acids that are significantly stronger than conventional Lewis acids in accepting electron pairs ⓘ
hasProperty	stronger electron‑pair acceptors than AlCl3 ⓘ stronger electron‑pair acceptors than BF3 ⓘ stronger electron‑pair acceptors than SbCl5 ⓘ
measuredBy	Gutmann acceptor number in some cases ⓘ fluoride ion affinity ⓘ hydride ion affinity ⓘ oxide ion affinity ⓘ
relatedConcept	Brønsted superacids NERFINISHED ⓘ Frustrated Lewis pairs NERFINISHED ⓘ weakly coordinating anions ⓘ
safetyConsideration	can cause violent reactions with water or nucleophiles ⓘ often highly corrosive ⓘ often require inert‑atmosphere handling ⓘ
subclassOf	superacids ⓘ
usedFor	C–H bond activation ⓘ Friedel–Crafts reactions under mild conditions ⓘ Fries rearrangements NERFINISHED ⓘ activation of inert gases or small molecules in specialized systems ⓘ activation of strong covalent bonds ⓘ carbocation generation and stabilization ⓘ catalysis of difficult electrophilic reactions ⓘ fluoride abstraction ⓘ hydride abstraction ⓘ isomerization reactions ⓘ polymerization reactions ⓘ

Referenced by (2)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

“Superacids” → focusesOn → Lewis superacids ⓘ

subject surface form: Superacids

Alain Goeppert → notableFor → Lewis superacids ⓘ

this entity surface form: collaborative research with George A. Olah